musculskeletal system

Question 1

What is the tough membrane that surrounds the whole muscle belly

Answer 1

Epimysium

Question 2

What are fasciculi

Answer 2

Bundle of muscle fibres

Question 3

What is the membrane that surrounds the individual muscle fibers

Answer 3

Endomysium

Question 4

What are the smallest units of muscle fibres

Answer 4

Myofibril

Question 5

What are the compartments within myofibril called

Answer 5

Sarcomeres

Question 6

In sliding filament theory what is the thin filament and whit is the thick filament

Answer 6

Actin is thin filament and Myosin is thick filament

Question 7

How does sliding filament theory make muscles contract

Answer 7

Myosin has a hook like head which binds with actin and rotates pulling the actin towards centre of sarcomere hence contracting muscle

Question 8

Why is ATP useful in sliding filament theory

Answer 8

It binds with myosin head to give it power

Question 9

Why is calcium important in muscle contraction

Answer 9

The myosin head binding sites are blocked when in a relaxed state and calcium is used to remove blocking molecule

Question 10

What are the 4 stages of sliding filament theory

Answer 10

Cooking phase, Binding phase, power stroke, resetting

Question 11

How does performing endurance exercises effect type 1 muscle fibres

Answer 11

improved efficiency, work capacity, increased mitochondria, hypertrophy

Question 12

How does endurance exercises effect type 2b muscle fibres

Answer 12

Increased aerobic enzyme levels, increased phosphocreatine stores, hypertrophy

Question 13

What are DOMS

Answer 13

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness

Question 14

What is the frontal plane

Answer 14

Divides body into anterior and posterior

Question 15

What is the sagittal plane

Answer 15

Divides body into right and left

Question 16

What is the transverse plane

Answer 16

Divides body into upper and lower

Question 17

What is the medial lateral axis

Answer 17

Passes through sagittal plane

Question 18

What is the anterior posterior axis

Answer 18

Passes through the frontal plane

Question 19

What is the longitudinal axis

Answer 19

Passes through the transverse plane

Question 20

What type of joint is the knee joint

Answer 20

Synovial hinge joint

Question 21

What are the 4 heads of the quadriceps

Answer 21

Vastus medialise, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus intermidies, rectus femoris

Question 22

What are the 3 heads of the hamstrings

Answer 22

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Question 23

What muscles provide the movement of the shoulder joint

Answer 23

Pectoralis major, deltoids, latissimus dormi

Question 24

Name the 4 deep muscles of the shoulder

Answer 24

Teres minor, supaspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis

Question 25

What does the teres minor help with

Answer 25

adduction and external rotation of shoulder

Question 26

What does supraspinatus help with

Answer 26

Shoulder abduction

Question 27

What foes the infraspinatus help with

Answer 27

Horizontal extension, external rotation, adduction

Question 28

What does the subscapularis help with

Answer 28

internal rotation and adduction

Question 29

What bones is the shoulder girdle made up of

Answer 29

Scapula and Clavicicals

Question 30

What are the 4 posterior muscles of the shoulder girdle

Answer 30

Trapezius, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levitator scapulae

Question 31

What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder girdle

Answer 31

Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor

Question 32

What joint is more mobile and which is more stable, shoulder or hip

Answer 32

Hip is more sable but less mobile

Question 33

What are the muscles of the vertebral column

Answer 33

Rectus Abdominis, erector spinae, internal and external obliques

Question 34

What are Multifidus

Answer 34

Links small sections of vertebrae together

Question 35

What is the quadratus lumborum

Answer 35

Helps laterally flex and extend the spine and also helps tilt pelvis