Naming hydrocarbons

Question 1

What are all the prefixes for naming hydrocarbons?

Answer 1

1) Meth-
2) Eth-
3)Prop-
4)But-
5)Pent-
6)Hex-
7)Hept-
8)Oct-
9)Non-
10)Dec-

Question 2

How is the prefix in the name of a hydrocarbon decided

Answer 2

The prefix is detrmined by how many carbons are in the structure

Question 3

What are all the sufixes for naming hydrocarbons?

Answer 3

Single bond) -ane
Double bond) -ene
Triple bond) -yne

Question 4

If the carbon structure is formed in a circle what word comes before the prefix?

Answer 4

Cyclo

Question 5

What are alkyl groups?

Answer 5

A hydrogen group missing one hydrogen. Often found attached to a carbon in a hydrocarbon structure

Question 6

What are the alkyl groups?

Answer 6

Methyl (CH3)
Ethyl (C2H5)
Propyl (C3H7)
Butyl (C4H9)
Pentyl (C5H11)
Hexyl (C6H13)
Heptyl (C7H15)
Octyl (C8H17)
Nonyl (C9H19)

Question 7

What are the different functional groups?

Answer 7

Halocarbons
Alcohols
Ethers
Amines
Aldehydes
Ketones
Carboxylic acid
Esters

Question 8

What are the steps to naming hydrocarbons?

Answer 8

1. identify longest chain
2. number carbons from the end closest to first functional group
3. Name substituents (Methyl, Cl, Ethyl, etc.)
4. Combine names (Position- substituent-parent chain- suffix(based on functional group)