Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses

Question 1

name the part of the nose that is located in between the eyebrows

Answer 1

root

Question 2

what is the medical name for the full bridge of the nose?

Answer 2

dorsum

Question 3

what are the ala?

Answer 3

the softer wings of the side of the nose

Question 4

what creates the cupid’s bow of the lip?

Answer 4

philtrum

Question 5

what kind of cartilage is the external cartilage of the nose?

Answer 5

hyaline

Question 6

what makes up the septum of the nose?

Answer 6

perpendicular plate of ethmoid

vomer

Question 7

what 2 structures make up the roof of the nose?

Answer 7

cribriform plate

crista galli

Question 8

what structures make up the lateral wall of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 8

superior and middle conchae
ethmoidal air cells
orbital plate of ethmoid

Question 9

what kind of fracture can disrupt the cribriform plate of the ethmoid?

Answer 9

le fort II

le fort III

Question 10

if the cribriform plate is disrupted, where can an infection in the nasal cavity spread to?

Answer 10

anterior cranial fossa

Question 11

which conchae belong and don’t belong to the ethmoid bone?

Answer 11

superior and middle are part of ethmoid

inferior isn’t

Question 12

name all the bones that contribute to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

Answer 12

ethmoid
nasal
palatine
sphenoid
maxilla
frontal

Question 13

what part of the sphenoid bone contributes to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 13

pterygoid plates

Question 14

what type of epithelium lines the anterior portion of the nasal cavity?

Answer 14

keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

Question 15

what type of epithelium lines the majority of the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

respiratory

Question 16

what type of epithelium lines the part of the nose responsible for smell

Answer 16

olfactory mucosa

Question 17

how does respiratory epithelium differ in structure and function from other epithelium?

Answer 17

is ciliated

secretes mucus

Question 18

type(s) of innervation supplied by the olfactory nerve?

Answer 18

special sensory only

Question 19

what nerve’s fibres are said to lie like “spaghetti in a sieve” through the cribriform plate?

Answer 19

CN1 (olfactory)

Question 20

what happens to CN1’s fibres after the pass through the cribriform plate?

Answer 20

synapse in the olfactory bulb
travel through the olfactory tract
end in temporal lobe

Question 21

somatic sensory supply to the anterosuperior part of the nose?

Answer 21

CNV1

Question 22

somatic sensory supply to the posteroinferior part of the nose?

Answer 22

CNV2

Question 23

from what vessels do the arteries to the nose arise?

Answer 23

external and internal carotid arteries

Question 24

what sensations are under the control of somatic sensory supply?

Answer 24

touch
temperature
pain

Question 25

the external carotid artery gives rise to what arteries that supply the nose?

Answer 25

facial | maxillary

Question 26

the internal carotid artery gives rise to what artery that supplies the nose?

Answer 26

opthalmic

Question 27

the ethmoidal arteries are a branch of what vessel?

Answer 27

opthalmic artery

Question 28

the sphenopalatine arteries are a branch of what vessel?

Answer 28

maxillary artery

Question 29

does the sphenopalatine or greater palatine artery supply both sides of the nose?

Answer 29

sphenopalatine

Question 30

what is kiesselbach's area?

Answer 30

an arterial anastamosis on the nasal septum that is the most common site of epistaxis (nosebleeds)

Question 31

where is each conchae's meatus in relation to it?

Answer 31

under it

Question 32

name the area superoposterior to the superior nasal concha

Answer 32

sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 33

where is kiesselbach's area?

Answer 33

anterior 1/3rd of nose on septum

Question 34

what is another name for the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 34

frontal lobe of the brain

Question 35

how should a correctly placed NG tube look on a CXR?

Answer 35

straight down the midline of the chest tip should be visible in the stomach looks like a walking stick

Question 36

name all the paranasal sinuses

Answer 36

frontal sinuses maxillary sinuses ethmoidal air cells sphenoidal sinuses

Question 37

what epithelium lines the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 37

respiratory epithelium

Question 38

how does mucous drain from the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 38

via ostia into the lateral wall of the nasal cavities (meatuses)

Question 39

how do conchae improve gas exchange?

Answer 39

allow a larger surface area of respiratory epithelium | create turbulent air flow

Question 40

what meatus does mucous from the frontal sinus drain to?

Answer 40

middle meatus

Question 41

what meatus does mucous from the ethmoidal air cells drain to?

Answer 41

superior and middle meatuses

Question 42

what structure does mucous from the sphenoid sinus drain to?

Answer 42

sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 43

what structure does mucous from the maxillary sinus drain to?

Answer 43

middle meatus

Question 44

only fluid to drain into the inferior meatus?

Answer 44

lacrimal fluid (tears)

Question 45

what is sinusitis?

Answer 45

inflammation of the mucosa of paranasal sinuses

Question 46

what provides the pain sensation in sinusitis?

Answer 46

CNV1 | CNV2

Question 47

where can pain refer to and why in maxillary sinusitis?

Answer 47

teeth as some nerve roots of the tooth can extend into the maxillary sinus there is a very thin wall between the two both are supplied by CNV

Question 48

what sinus is most prone to sinusitis and why

Answer 48

maxilla | ostia are superior so inflamed mucous has to work against gravity to exit

Question 49

give the sensory supply for each of the paranasal sinuses

Answer 49

CNV1- ethmoidal, frontal, sphenoidal | CNV2- maxillary