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2 Anatomy > Urinary Incontinence and Renal System Pain > Flashcards

Urinary Incontinence and Renal System Pain Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

what muscles of the renal system are controlled by motor nerves?

A

internal urethral sphincter
detrusor muscle
ureteric smooth muscle

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2
Q

name the 5 types of nerve fibre

A 
somatic sensory
somatic motor
visceral afferent
parasympathetic
sympathetic
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3
Q

another word for an afferent nerve?

A

sensory nerve

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4
Q

another word for an efferent nerve?

A

motor nerve

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5
Q

any nerve supplying skeletal muscle would be a…

A

somatic motor nerve

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6
Q

motor supply to smooth muscle?

A

always parasympathetics

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7
Q

what type of motor nerves supply the urethra and why?

A

proximal urethra = visceral afferent because it is in the pelvis
distal = somatic motor because it is in the perineum which is a body wall structure

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8
Q

what type of sensory nerves supply the urethra and why?

A

visceral afferents mainly however if the pain/sensation is from the scrotum it will be somatic sensory

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9
Q

what is the main sensory nerve for pain?

A

visceral afferent

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10
Q

motor and sensory supply to the perineum?

A

somatic sensory and motor nerves

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11
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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12
Q

how many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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13
Q

somatic motor and sensory nerves are carried the entire length of the spinal cord T or F

A

T

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14
Q

autonomics exit at each length of the spinal cord: T or F

A

F, sympathetic is only thoracolumbar and parasymp is craniosacral

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15
Q

sympathetic nerve fibres leave the CNS via what spinal levels?

A

T1-L2

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16
Q

sympathetic fibres reach smooth muscle/glands of the body wall via what fibres?

A

spinal nerves

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17
Q

sympathetic fibres leave the muscle/glands of the body (not wall) via what fibres?

A

splanchnic nerves

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18
Q

give 2 examples of splanchnic nerves

A

cardiopulmonary

abdominopelvic

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19
Q

sympathetic fibres get to the muscles gland of the head via what fibres?

A

they follow arteries

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20
Q

what does the rami communicans do?

A

allows the symp fibre to get from the spinal nerve to sympathetic chain

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21
Q

presynaptic sympathetics to the kidneys, ureters and bladder will leave the spinal cord at what vertebral levels?

A

T10-L2

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22
Q

what do the presynaptic sympathetics to the kidneys, ureters and bladder do after leaving the sympathetic chain?

A

leave with abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves

synapse in the abdominal symp ganglia

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23
Q

where is the abdominal sympathetic ganglia located?

A

around the abdo aorta

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24
Q

where do the POSTsynaptic sympathetics to the bladder, ureters and kidneys go after synapsing?

A

hitch a ride with the respective arteries of the organ

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25
what is a periarterial plexus?
collection of nerve fibres found on the outside of arteries
26
parasympathetic fibres leave the CNS within what nerves?
CN 3, 7, 9, 10 | S2, 3, 4
27
parasympathetics innervate the body wall T or F
F, the body wall only receives sympathetic fibres
28
how do parasympathetics supply the chest?
via the vagus nerve
29
anything above what structure is supplied by the vagus nerve as its parasympathetic fibre?
splenic flexure
30
anything below the pelvis flexure is supplied by what fibre as their parasympathetic innervation?
pelvic splanchnic nerves
31
abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves are the same as pelvic splanchnic nerves T or F
F!! abdominopelvic are sympathetic and pelvic are parasympathetic
32
parasympathetic supply to kidneys and ureters?
CN X
33
parasympathetic supply to bladder?
pelvic splanchnic nerves
34
the only part of the renal system that receives a somatic motor supply is...
the external urethral sphincter and distal urethra (because it is in the perineum)
35
pain from what structure will be felt from the "loin to the groin"?
ureter
36
pain from what structure will be felt in the loin?
kidney
37
pain from the bladder is felt where?
suprapubic region in the midline
38
how do visceral afferents get back to the spinal cord?
mainly follow sympathetics but in some cases can accompany parasympathetics
39
visceral afferent nerves enter the spinal cord between what spinal levels?
T1 and L1
40
why is pain felt in the loin in the kidney?
pain is felt in the dermatome levels of T1-L1 (where the visceral afferent fibres enter the spinal cord)
41
a structure can only be in the pelvic pain line if...
it is in contact with the peritoneum
42
visceral afferents from the ureters enter the spinal cord at what spinal levels?
T11-L2
43
visceral afferents from the bladder enter the spinal cord at what spinal levels?
T11-L2
44
visceral afferents of what organs (specifically) travels with parasympathetics to get back to the spinal cord?
the part of the bladder that is not in the pelvic pain line AND the proximal urethra
45
why are the testes' visceral afferent fibres carried to the spinal cord by sympathetics and not parasympathetics?
the originate embryologically higher up in the abdomen ie above the pelvic pain line
46
somatic sensory fibres from the distal urethra and perineum get back to the spinal cord via what nerve?
pudental
47
visceral afferents from the testis enter the spinal cord at what levels?
T10-11
48
what is pain in the kidneys like?
dull, achy
49
what is the pain from bladder like?
dull, achy and suprapubic
50
where can pain from the testes radiate to?
groin and anterior lower abdomen
51
nerve fibres entering and leaving the spinal cord at what levels are key for urine flow?
S2-4
52
visceral afferent fibres enter the spinal cord at...
S2-4
53
how does the body know the bladder is full?
via stretch receptors at the end of visceral afferent fibres
54
what does the body do to tell us to empty our bladder?
stimulates the detrusor muscle | inhibits the internal urethral sphincter (males only)
55
anatomical word for peeing?
micturition
56
what type of nerve contracts the detrusor muscle and IUS?
parasympathetic
57
what role do somatic motor fibres play in micturition?
contraction of anterolateral abdo muscles
58
the pudental nerve arises from the ___ plexus
sacral
59
the sciatic nerve arises from the ___ plexus
sacral
60
nerve roots for sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
61
the genitofemoral nerve arises on the anterior surface of what muscle?
psoas major
62
what nerve sits lateral to the psoas major?
femoral nerve
63
what nerve sits medial to the psoas major?
obturator
64
what nerves of the lumbar plexus at L2-L4?
genitofemoral femoral obturator
65
which nerve is given off first in the lumbar plexus?
iliohypogastric
66
mnemonic for the lumbar plexus?
``` ItcHy - iIlioHypogastric IGor - IlioinGuinal Gets - Genitofemoral Laid - Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh On - Obturator Fridays - Femoral ```
67
which nerves of the lumbar plexus come off the lumbar plexus at L1?
iliohypogastric | ilioinguinal
68
only nerve of the lumbar plexus to come off at L3?
lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (comes off at L2)
69
what does the femoral nerve pass under to get into the anterior compartment of the thigh?
inguinal ligament
70
what does the obturator nerve pass through to get to the thigh?
obturator foramen
71
what nerve supplies sensation to the plantar aspect of the foot?
tibial
72
what supplies most of the sensation to dorsum of the foot?
superficial fibular
73
what supplies most of the sensation to the lateral foot?
sural nerve
74
what forms the sural nerve?
tibial and common fibular nerves
75
name the only area of the foot supplied by the deep fibular nerve?
1st web space

2 Anatomy (28 decks)

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