Nature-Culture 1

Question 1

What is nature?

Answer 1

Phenomena of the natural world collectively involving landscapes animals and plants

Question 2

What is the social construction of nature?

Answer 2

Associated with modernism, nature is a human idea, separate to humans and culture

Question 3

what is dualism?

Answer 3

the division of something conceptually into two opposed aspects, e,g mind vs body

Question 4

What are the cosmological views of environmentalism?

Answer 4

All things are created by God, nature is controlled by something bigger

Question 5

What is a mechanistic view of the environment?

Answer 5

Centre all things around human existence and the ability if humans to explain their environment, deliberately excludes cosmological views

Question 6

Who were the first civilisations to develop cosmological views of the environment

Answer 6

Greeks and Romans

Question 7

What did the romans and greeks view the world as?

Answer 7

One living organism(gaia), people and nature as close relatives

Question 8

What dominated the Greek ideals of nature?

Answer 8

Moira, fixed order to the universe to which men must bow

Question 9

How did past civilisations perceive the solar system?

Answer 9

Thought that the earth was in the middle

Question 10

When was the scientific revolution?

Answer 10

1540-1690

Question 11

Who created the heliocentric view of the world?

Answer 11

Copernicus

Question 12

Which big thinker pushed dualism?

Answer 12

Rene Descartes i think therefore i am

Question 13

Why were nature and female linked together?

Answer 13

Bound into service, controlled by man (mother nature)

Question 14

What is materialism?

Answer 14

Nature shapes culture, nature as a determinate of social action

Question 15

What is structuralism?

Answer 15

Imposes meaning of nature

Question 16

What does nature depend on?

Answer 16

Our view of it

Question 17

Why do we connect with places even if we do not visit or go there?

Answer 17

They can feature in paintings and television. This makes it feel closer to us

Question 18

What was specieal about Gallieo’s book on the environment

Answer 18

It was a book about the environment witain in maths

Question 19

What did gallieo do to nature

Answer 19

quantified in, first time this had ever been done

Question 20

Why is the natural world not actually normally natural

Answer 20

parks, orchards, farms, man made

Question 21

Give an example of why our view on nature may be wrong

Answer 21

Thought parasites were bad and nothing more than a pest, actually one of the great driver in evolution, e.g butterfly on Savali

Question 22

If we say that humans are part of nature, then what else is?

Answer 22

Technology

Question 23

What do most people feel about western science and views?

Answer 23

From ignorance to enlightenment, cosgrove

Question 24

What do we see from the 16th century that shows a rise in envionmentalism

Answer 24

Restrict metaphor and apply science to the matter

Question 25

How does white show that nature has actually been created by man?

Answer 25

An overgrown valley is actually more natural than a cut one which may look better to us as humans

Question 26

By nature growing back to how it was before, who does this benefit?

Answer 26

The thousands of smaller animals that prefer this environment

Question 27

When did man start effecting nature?

Answer 27

Ever since we became a numerous species

Question 28

How can man alter the environment

Answer 28

Over grazing, building dams and cities

Question 29

How can nature effect humans?

Answer 29

Can alter human well being and happiness

Question 30

What does scientific knowledge mean?

Answer 30

Technological power over nature

Question 31

Why is it hard to protect the environment?

Answer 31

The things we do to save it might make it worse

Question 32

Traditionally who performed science?

Answer 32

The rich, power in the hands of the few (white 67)

Question 33

What is occidental

Answer 33

Western, the west

Question 34

What did technology allow the west to do?

Answer 34

Spill over and conquer the rest of he world

Question 35

How did Christianity change our relationship with the environment

Answer 35

New theories got humans to respect the natural, but as gods creation, as it spread Christians view of the environment spread with it

Question 36

What is the most anthropocentric religion

Answer 36

Christianity

Question 37

What create ecological catastrophe?

Answer 37

Lynn white, combination of Christian attitudes with the explosion of technological power

Question 38

What is the dualism with culture?

Answer 38

Nature

Question 39

Who wrote about the end of nature?

Answer 39

Bill McKibben

Question 40

What can the nature culture debate be controversial?

Answer 40

We are calling into question the very idea of nature

Question 41

What does after nature mean?

Answer 41

Rational ways about thinking about the environment nature and society

Question 42

What has been some pressures on.m nature culture dualism?

Answer 42

Developments in natural science which has exposed any implausibility of any sharp break between the social and natural

Question 43

What do advances in science challenge?

Answer 43

Past ideas such as the ones by Renee Descartes

Question 44

Who developed ecology?

Answer 44

Ernst Haeckel

Question 45

What challenges realism?

Answer 45

Social construction

Question 46

What shapes nature for a social constructionist?

Answer 46

Every thing, the sea forests and desert all have a nature developed by ourselves

Question 47

In greek mythology what is moira

Answer 47

controllers of the universe, once they had choses your fate this could not be altered

Question 48

In moira who is responable for spinning the web of life, c

Answer 48

clotho

Question 49

What does moira say about greek beleifs on life

Answer 49

thought life was already planned out

Question 50

In what can earth regulate in the gaia hypothesis

Answer 50

every thing, temperature, atmohpoere, species