16. Evaluating Policy Flashcards
What is the EU policy that effects beaches in Europe?
Bathing Waters Directive
What is a policy
Political wisdom, course of action adopted by government, set of principles used to guide decision making
What is the most important connection in policy?
Social and environmental
What may policies apply to
government private sector
What are policies normally agreggated to?
The higher scale, not the individual
What can policy development be seen as
A stage model, can be broken down, chronological pattern
What determins how good a policy actually is?
Implementation stage, the acid bath
What gives the chance for policy refinement
monitoring evaluation
What is implementation deficit
why does it not meet all the goals that were meant for it
Who came up with the implementation deficit
Pressman and Willdowsky, looked at a federal programme to regenerate oakland and san francisco
What is top down implementation
implementation is about getting the administrative issues right, ticking them off, assumes clear goals that are understood by all the parties, delivery of policy considered to be most effective with few actors involved. maybe only 3, short delivery chains, if any of the actors need time or resource will be granted, assumes policy will be favourably by all those who are involved
What is Bottom Up Implementation
Not focussed on administration, interested on what actually happens on the ground, flexibility at the local level is all important, autonomy over rescourses good time scales expertise, consensus with the local groups is positive, local level circumstances
What is Multi Level bargaining model Implementation
Starting point for a discussion, ongoing dialogue between government and stakeholders, interests are quite partizan, quite fractured, split up, in sharp contrast, policy is open, how do those atributes apply to the case study
What is Social Learning Implementaiton
Idea of negotiation, policy is only the starting point, like a template, discussion is about new information as the policy is implemented, what stake holders want from a policy also changes. Should be tracking over time, chaning circumstances of actors
What is different with EU policy making
Has multiple institutions, commission drafting policy from ministers, between the 2 is the parliament. Has a function to scrutinise proposals that are put forward
Who proses legislation in the EU
Commission
What is uploading
member countries giving their own views or policies
How is policymaking funded
mainly from the EU and the Member states, about 50-50
When was the bathing waters dirctive started
1976
What was the aim of the BWD
To protect the environmental and public health by raising and maintaining the quality of bathing water over time
Who had to define what were bathing waters
the member states
What where the qualities that bathing waters had to adhere by?
Microbiological, Chemical and physical
What did the UK have at the time the policy was meant to happen
Highly developed national framework, not strong with bathing waters
What was the problem with bathing waters legislation
they thought that if it isn’t visibly dirty it will be fine
