Neoplasia: Epidemiology Flashcards
(16 cards)
What cancer has the most incidence in males?
Prostate (Most Common)
Lung
Colorectal
What cancers have the most incidence in females?
Breast Cancer (Most Common)
Lung
Colorectal and Uterus (Equal Incidence)
What cancers has the most mortality in males?
Lung (Most Common)
Prostate
Colorectal
What cancers has the most mortality in females?
Lung (Most Common)
Breast
Colorectal and Pancreas (Equal Incidence)
This is called the dead-end cancer since most of the time patient will inevitable suffer death.
Pancreatic Cancer
The most dominant factor for cancer.
Environmental
How many years must you get diagnosed if your family has a history of breast cancer?
10 years prior; to increase chances of survival.
This is an important factor influencing the risk of cancer.
Age
This is the alteration of genetic material of a cell.
Mutation
This is the promotion of unregulated cell growth.
Oncogenic mutation
These are mutations that directly contribute to the development of cancer via promoting and acquisition of cancer hallmark proliferation, like sustained resistance to cell death.
Driver Mutations
This is the frist driver mutation acquired by a cell. Typically found in all cancer cells.
Initiating Mutations
These are mutations that do not contribute to cancer progression. Usually caued by unstable driver mutations and have no phenotypic significance.
Passenger Mutations
This principle states that all cancer cells originate from a single precursor cell and share the mutation at the time of transformation.
Clonality in Cancer
This principle state that multiple subclones can emerge due to additional mutations and natural selection kicks in to form a more aggresive type of cancer.
Clonal Evolution in Late-Stage Cancer
This is when treatment eliminates only the susceptible cancer cells and resistant clones survive and dominate post-therapy.
Therapy Resistance
