nephritic syndrome

Question 1

nephritic syndrome is characterised by

Answer 1

glomerular capillary damage leading to haematuria, pyuria, water retention, hypertension and oedema

Question 2

acanthocytes

Answer 2

A type of dysmorphic red blood cell characterized by irregular, thorn-like cytoplasmic projections. The presence of acanthocytes in the blood is associated with hemolytic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, splenectomy, and hereditary abetalipoproteinemia. The presence of acanthocytes in the urine indicates glomerular damage.

Question 3

nephritic syndrome presents with

Answer 3

haematuria with acanthocytes
RBC casts in urine
protienuria
hypertension
mild to moderate oedema
sterile pyuria
oliguria
azotaemia

Question 4

diseases associated with nephritis syndrome

Answer 4

PSGN
IgA nephropathy (berger disease)
small vessel vasculitis
goodpasture syndrome
beningn familial haematuria
alport syndrome
diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
RPGN
membranoprolierative GN

Question 5

3 types of small vessel vasculitis

Answer 5

granulomatosus with polyagiitis
microscopic polyangiitis
eosinophillic granulomatosus with polyangitus

Question 6

granulomatosus with polyangiitis

Answer 6

c-ANCA/PR3-ANCA
segmental necrotising GN

Question 7

microscopic polyagiitis

Answer 7

p-ANCA/MPO-ANCA

Question 8

eosinophillic granulomatosus with polyangiitis

Answer 8

p-ANCA/MPO-ANCA
peripheral eosinophilia
focal segmental necrotising GN

Question 9

goodpasture syndrome

Answer 9

caused by antibodies against type IV collagen
type 2 hypersensitivity reaction
hemosiderin filled macrophages in sputum
iron deficiency anaemia

Question 10

features of post strep glomerulonephritis

Answer 10

oliguria
proteinuria
haematuria
cola coloured urine (due to red blood cells in urine)