sarcoidosis

Question 1

what is sarcoidosis

Answer 1

t cells and macrophages attacking healthy tissue, especially hilar lymph nodes
forms granulomas with T cells at the periphery and macrophages at the centre
noncaseating - no necrosis at the centre (unlike TB)

Question 2

langhans giant cell

Answer 2

macrophhages fuse together to form a giant cell
contains schaumann bodies (calcium and protein deposits)
and asteroid bodies (tiny stars)

Question 3

other places granulomas form

Answer 3

skin nodules - arythema nodosum, typically red hard and painful
uveitis - inflammation in the pigmented layer
heart - arrythmias

Question 4

generalised symptoms

Answer 4

fever, weighth loss, fatigue

Question 5

specific symptoms

Answer 5

shortness of breath, cough
tender leg nodules
visio changes

Question 6

doagnsosi

Answer 6

CXR or CT
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
usually hypercalcaemic due to excess vit D produced by macrophages
increased ACE
bronchoalveolar lavage - elevated T cells in the lungs

Question 7

bronchoalveolar lavage

Answer 7

elevated levels of T cells in the lungs
bronchoscope is passed
bronchoscope passed through the mouth or nose into the lungs
fluid squirted out and then collected and reexamined

Question 8

treatment of sarcoisosis

Answer 8

most people have minimal symptoms and resolve spontenously within a few weeks with complete remission within a few years

Question 9

severe symptoms treatment

Answer 9

steroids i