Spirometry

Question 1

obstructive lung disease

Answer 1

A group of lung diseases associated with increased resistance to airflow. Examples include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and bronchiectasis.

Question 2

restrictive lung disease

Answer 2

A group of lung conditions characterized by an impaired ability of the lungs to expand. Causes include disorders that affect the lung parenchyma (e.g., interstitial lung disease, pneumonia, pulmonary edema), pleura, and pleural cavity, deformities of the thorax, and respiratory muscle weakness.

Question 3

FEV1

Answer 3

decreased in obstructive lung disease
normal or decreased in restrictive lung disease

Question 4

FEV1/FVC in obstructive lung disease

Answer 4

decreased
because FEV1 decreases more than FVC decreases

Question 5

FEV1/FVC in restrictive lung disease

Answer 5

normal or increased
decrease in FEV1 is proportional to decrease in FVC

Question 6

VC

Answer 6

decreased in both restrictive and obstructive

Question 7

flow volume loop in obstructive

Answer 7

air trapping: scalloping of the expiratory limb

Question 8

flow volume loop in restrictive

Answer 8

narrow flow volume loop

Question 9

RV

Answer 9

volume of air remaining in lungs after maximal exhalation
increased in obstructive lung disease
normal or decrease in restrictive lung disease

Question 10

FRC

Answer 10

volume of air that remains in the lungs after tidal exhalation
increased in obstructive lung disease
decreased in restrictive lung disease

Question 11

TLC

Answer 11

normal or increased in obstructive lung disease
decreased in restrictive lung disease

Question 12

airway resistance in obstructive lung disease

Answer 12

increaased

Question 13

airway resistance in restrictive lung disease

Answer 13

normal

Question 14

examples of obstructive lung disease

Answer 14

COPD
bronchial asthma
bronchiectasis
cystic fibrosis

Question 15

examples of restrictive lung disease

Answer 15

instrinsic causes
- interstitial lung disease
extrinsic causes
- pleural effusion, pleural adhesions, pneumothorax
- deformities of the thorax/mechnical limitation, kyphoscoliosis, obesity
- respiratory muscle weakness, phrenic nerve palsy, myasthenia graves, polio, GBS

Question 16

peak expiratroy flow

Answer 16

the maximum airflow raate attained during forced expiration

Question 17

vital capacity

Answer 17

change in lung volume between maximum inspiration and maximum expiration
forced vital capacity - maximum volume of air that caan be forcefully expired
also inspiratory vital capacity, expiratory vital capacity