Nerves Flashcards
(30 cards)
Knee extension, thigh flexion
Anterior and medial aspect of the thigh and lower leg Hip and pelvic fractures
Stab/gunshot wounds
Lumbar Plexus (L2-4)
Femoral nerve
Femoral nerve
Knee extension, thigh flexion
Anterior and medial aspect of the thigh and lower leg Hip and pelvic fractures
Stab/gunshot wounds
Lumbar Plexus (L2-4)
Thigh adduction
Medial thigh
Anterior hip dislocation
Obturator nerve
Lumbar Plexus (L2-4)
Obturator nerve
Lumbar Plexus (L2-4)
Thigh adduction
Medial thigh
Anterior hip dislocation
None
Lateral and posterior surfaces of the thigh
Compression of the nerve near the ASIS → meralgia paraesthetica, a condition characterised by pain, tingling and numbness in the distribution of the lateral cutaneous nerve
Lumbar Plexus (L2-4)
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
None
Lateral and posterior surfaces of the thigh
Compression of the nerve near the ASIS → meralgia paraesthetica, a condition characterised by pain, tingling and numbness in the distribution of the lateral cutaneous nerve
Lumbar Plexus (L2-4)
Foot plantarflexion and inversion
Sole of foot
Not commonly injured as deep and well protected.
Popliteral lacerations, posterior knee dislocation
Branch of sciatic - (L4-5,S1-S3)
Tibial nerve
Tibial nerve
Foot plantarflexion and inversion
Sole of foot
Not commonly injured as deep and well protected.
Popliteral lacerations, posterior knee dislocation
Branch of sciatic - (L4-5,S1-S3)
Foot dorsiflexion and eversion
Extensor hallucis longus Dorsum of the foot and the lower lateral part of the leg
Injury often occurs at the neck of the fibula
Tightly applied lower limb plaster cast
Injury causes foot drop
Branch of sciatic - (L4-5,S1-S3)
Common peroneal nerve
Common peroneal nerve
Foot dorsiflexion and eversion
Extensor hallucis longus Dorsum of the foot and the lower lateral part of the leg
Injury often occurs at the neck of the fibula
Tightly applied lower limb plaster cast
Injury causes foot drop
Branch of sciatic - (L4-5,S1-S3)
Hip abduction
None
Misplaced intramuscular injection
Hip surgery
Pelvic fracture
Posterior hip dislocation
Injury results in a positive Trendelenburg sign
Sacral Plexus (L4-5,S1-S3)
Superior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal nerve
Hip abduction
None
Misplaced intramuscular injection
Hip surgery
Pelvic fracture
Posterior hip dislocation
Injury results in a positive Trendelenburg sign
Sacral Plexus (L4-5,S1-S3)
Hip extension and lateral rotation
None
Generally injured in association with the sciatic nerve
Injury results in difficulty rising from seated position. Can’t jump, can’t climb stairs
Sacral Plexus (L4-5,S1-S3)
Inferior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Hip extension and lateral rotation
None
Generally injured in association with the sciatic nerve
Injury results in difficulty rising from seated position. Can’t jump, can’t climb stairs
Sacral Plexus (L4-5,S1-S3)
Elbow flexion (supplies biceps brachii) and supination
Lateral part of the forearm
Isolated injury rare - usually injured as part of brachial plexus injury
(C5-C7)
Musculocutaneous nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Elbow flexion (supplies biceps brachii) and supination
Lateral part of the forearm
Isolated injury rare - usually injured as part of brachial plexus injury
(C5-C7)
Shoulder abduction (deltoid muscle)
Inferior region of the deltoid muscle
Humeral neck fracture/dislocation
Results in flattened deltoid
(C5,C6)
Axillary nerve
Axillary nerve
Shoulder abduction (deltoid muscle)
Inferior region of the deltoid muscle
Humeral neck fracture/dislocation
Results in flattened deltoid
(C5,C6)
Extension (forearm, wrist, fingers, thumb)
Small area between the dorsal aspect of the 1st and 2nd metacarpals
Humeral midshaft fracture
Palsy results in wrist drop
(C5-C8)
Radial nerve
Radial nerve
Extension (forearm, wrist, fingers, thumb)
Small area between the dorsal aspect of the 1st and 2nd metacarpals
Humeral midshaft fracture
Palsy results in wrist drop
(C5-C8)
*LOAF muscles Lateral two lumbricals Opponens pollis Abductor pollis brevis Flexor pollis brevis
Features depend on the site of the lesion:
wrist: paralysis of thenar muscles, opponens pollicis
elbow: loss of pronation of forearm and weak wrist flexion
Palmar aspect of lateral 3½ fingers Wrist lesion → carpal tunnel syndrome
(C6, C8, T1)
Median nerve
Median nerve
*LOAF muscles Lateral two lumbricals Opponens pollis Abductor pollis brevis Flexor pollis brevis
Features depend on the site of the lesion:
wrist: paralysis of thenar muscles, opponens pollicis
elbow: loss of pronation of forearm and weak wrist flexion
Palmar aspect of lateral 3½ fingers Wrist lesion → carpal tunnel syndrome
(C6, C8, T1)
Intrinsic hand muscles except LOAF*
Wrist flexion Medial 1½ fingers Medial epicondyle fracture
Damage may result in a ‘claw hand’
(C8, T1)
Ulnar nerve
Ulnar nerve
Intrinsic hand muscles except LOAF*
Wrist flexion Medial 1½ fingers Medial epicondyle fracture
Damage may result in a ‘claw hand’
(C8, T1)
