Q Hints Flashcards
(148 cards)
1
Q
Mild-Mod-Severe stepwise Rx for typical:
A
Amoxicillin oral -> Amox + clarithro -> co-amox + clarithro
2
Q
Dec Na+, smoker, plumber, travel, aircon, contaminated water, g-ve
A
Legionella pneumonia
3
Q
Legionella pneumonia
A
Dec Na+, smoker, plumber, travel, aircon, contaminated water, g-ve
4
Q
Young people living together, COLD agglutinins, clarithromycin and azithromycin
A
Mycoplasma pneumonia
5
Q
Rx for legionella
A
Cipro + azithro
6
Q
Steady increased SOB, diarrhoea, dry cough, arthralgia, headache, fever, N+V, PARROTS/BIRDs
A
Chalmidya Psittica
7
Q
Biphasic illness - sore throat, hoarseness, otitis, -> pneumonia
A
Chalmidya pneumoniae
8
Q
What are the treatments for chalmidya species?
A
Clarithromycin / doxycycline
9
Q
Mottling through lung fields, itchy vesicular rash
A
VZV - acyclovir
10
Q
Circular opacities, gram +ve cocci in clusters, bilateral cavitating bronchopneumonia, Fluclox+rifampicin
A
Staph A
11
Q
What is the Rx for staph A?
A
Rifampicin and flucloxacillin
12
Q
Bronchiectasis + CF
A
P aeruginosa
13
Q
P Aeruginosa Rx
A
Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin
14
Q
What abx for aspiration pneumonia?
A
IV cephalosporin and metronidazole (need anaerobic cover)
15
Q
IVDU, dry cough, drug user,
Reticular perihilar opacities, bilateral creps
“Boat shaped organism on BAL”
A
Pneumocystis jirovecii
16
Q
What is the Rx for pneumocystis?
A
Co-Trimoxazole
17
Q
Jerky pulse, late systolic murmur
A
HOCM
18
Q
CCF, prominent x and y descents on JVP, S3
A
Constrictive pericarditis
19
Q
Muffled HS, paradoxical pulse, JVP, dyspnoea, chest pain
A
Cardiac tamponade
20
Q
Atrial “plop”
A
Atrial myxoma
21
Q
Fever, malaise, WL, HTN, Haematuria, Hep B, pANCA
A
Polyarteritis Nodosa
22
Q
Rapid onset ST elevation with no stenosis, chest pain
A
Variant angina
23
Q
Peaked P wave
A
RA hypertrophy and PHTN
24
Q
Bifid P wave
A
LA hypertrophy and mitral stenosis
25
Flattened T waves, prominent Q waves,
Hypokalaemia
26
Long QT, tetany
Hypocalcaemia
27
v1-4
Anterior LAD
28
II,III,AVF
Inferior RCA
29
I,v56 aVL
Lateral circumflex
30
ST dep v1-3 R waves V1-3
Posterior MI
31
Fixed and elevated JVP
IVC/CHF.....
32
Rising JVP inspiration
Constricting pericarditis
33
V waves JVP
TR
34
Absent A waves JVP
AF
35
Cannon a waves JVP
Complete HB / Ventricular arrhythmias
36
Slow rising
AS
37
Jerky and bisfiren
HOCM
38
Soft S2 ESM ejection click
AS
39
Mid systolic click and late systolic murmur
MVP
40
Opening snap, mid diastolic
MS
41
Low pitched mid diastolic
Austin flint
42
High pitched early diastolic left sternal edge inspiration
Graham steele
43
Early diastolic in tricuspid region
AR
44
Ejection systolic and jerky pulse
HOCM
45
Machinery like constant murmer
Patent ductus A
46
Distal foot, punched out, painful, cold, Brownyred
Arterial ulcer
47
Baiter area, medial malleolus, skin changes, slough, granulomatous tissue
Venous ulcer
48
Normal doppler ratio + ulcer
Sickle
49
Straight edges, unusual grooves, normal surrounding skin, doesn't heal
Artefactual ulcer
50
Ulcer enlargement, raised edge, contact bleeding
SCC
51
Chronic A/i, ulcers, gangrene at finger tips
Scleroderma
52
name of sign, pain in buttock and thigh
Leriche PVD - aortic iliac occlusion
53
Asian, pulseless upper arms, systemic inflammation
Takayasu arteritis
54
What Rx
| >70% stenosis, ischaemic changes resting ECG
Angioplasty
55
What Ix RHF
Echo
56
What Ix MR
TOE
57
What Ix young man cardiac pain
TTE
58
What Ix 1st line HF
CXR
59
Worsening LV function drug
ACEi
60
Emergency surgery, prophylactic cefuroxime and metronidazole
cardiac
Ruptured AAA
61
3cm - 5.5 cm AAA
6 month surveillance
62
<3cm AAA
12 month surveillance
63
>5.5cm AAA
Elective surgery
64
Growing >1cm per year AAA
Elective surgery
65
Dec chest expansion, dull percussion, absent BS, tracheal deviation towards side of pathology
Atelectasis
66
Dec chest expansion, dull percussion, reduced BSs, tracheal deviated AWAY from side of pathology
Haemothorax/pleural eff
67
Monophonic wheeze
Foreign body / single bronchial mass
68
Polyphonic wheeze
Asthma
69
urogenital tumour and pleural effusion
Cannon ball metastases
70
Rapidly progressing URTI with haemorrhage, nephrotic syndrome and anti GBM
Goodpastures
71
Lung cancer + horners
Pancoast tumour
72
Hyponatraemia confusion and fits tumour
Paraneoplastic tumour
73
SE
| Acute angle closure glaucoma
Ipa B
74
SE
| Arrhythmias (resp)
Theophylline
75
SE
| Hepatitis, peripheral N
Isoniazid
76
SE orange lens, hepatitis
Rifampicin
77
SE
| Retrobulbar neuritis, R/G colourblindness
Ethambutol
78
SE
| Gout
Pyrazinimide
79
SE
| Tendon damage
Ciprofloxacin
80
SE
| Ototoxicity + renal stones
Streptomycin
81
PCP investigation
Bronchial aspirate
82
Hx epigastric pain, WL, nausea post small meal, coffee ground vomit
Gastric C
83
Anorexia, WL,IDA, thickened rigid wall, signed ring cells
Gastric carcinoma
84
Dyspepsia, WL, thickened mucosal folds, atypical lymphocytes
Gastric lymphoma
85
Purple plaque like fundus lesion, slit like vascular spaces, spindle cells
Kaposi
86
Abdo pain, WL, irreg liver edge
HCC
87
Alcoholic, epigastric pain, severe vomiting, large intestinal mass
Pancreatic pseudocyst
88
Thrombotic disorder, Jaundice, hepatomegaly, ascites, abdo pain, vein occlusion
BUDD chiari
89
Baby projectile vomit, curdled milk, succession splash, hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis
Pyloric stenosis
90
Antral erythema, neutrophil infiltrate, H pylori
Chronic Gastritis
91
Palsy of tongue + mastication muscles
Bulbar palsy
92
UMN, bulbar, and dec eye movements
Pseudobulbar
93
telangectasias, intermittent haemoptysis, small haematemesis
Ostler-weber R
94
+ve 14C test
Bacterial overgrowth
95
Abdo pain, insidious onset, recent surgery
Ischaemic colitis
96
PR bleed, mucosal pigments lips and mouth
Peutz Jeghers
97
Painless bright rectal bleeding, separate from stool but NORMAL rectal exam and proctoscopy
Anal polyp
98
IVDU, diarrhoea, fatigue, anorexia, nausea, jaundice, DNA
Hep B
99
Schizophrenia
Iatrogenic constipation
100
Topical GTN anus
Anal fissure
101
Anterior resection
Rectal carcinoma
102
Suprapubic pain on standing
Bladder calculus
103
Loin-groin pain writhing
Ureteric colic
104
Large painless bladder, overflow incontinence @ night, inc creatinine
Hydronephrosis
105
Blood at beginning of stream, BPH, HTN
Prostatic varices
106
Painless haematuria, scrotal oedema, urine granular casts
ATN
107
Lower back pain HTN, palpable kidney, Hx fibrosis
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
108
Sheep/cattle farmer
Hydatid cyst
109
Haematuria, purpura on shins, GI disturbance
Henoch-schonlein
110
Deafness, nephritis, ocular abnormalities
Alports
111
Pharyngitis, haematuria
IgA nephropathy
112
Loss of epithelial podocytes
Minimal change nephropathy
113
Worsening RF diabetes
Plasma creatinine
114
Palpable testes, fluctuant, painless, transilluminates
Epididymal cyst
115
Trauma, SO, fluctuant, NON transilluminate
Haematocele
116
Cross over in medulla and synapse in anterior horn
UMN
117
Acute onset, papilloedema, thromosis
Venous sinus thrombosis
118
Recurrent headaches fever meningism
Mollarets meningitis
119
Hyponatraemia seizure elderly
Thiazide
120
Impaired consciousness, deja GU, unreality
Complex partial
121
Cherry red lump on trunk
Cherry angioma
122
Hard red/brown growth on limbs
Dermatofibrosis
123
Chicken skin lumps worse in winter
Keratosis pilaris
124
Fluid and cholesterol crystal cyst
Bronchial cyst
125
Carotid body tumour
Chemodectoma
126
Mammography with stellate mass with microcalcification with NO LNs
radial scar
127
Cytology shows epithelial cells
Intraductal papilloma
128
Rapid onset VERY HIGH cortisol, undetectable ACTH
Adrenal carcinoma
129
Clomifene SE
Anovulatory infertility
130
SE
| Octreotide
Gallstones
131
SE
| Chlorpromazine
Hypernatraemia
132
SE
| Clomifene
abdo pain
133
SE
| Alendronate
Oesophagitis + erosions
134
Puberty/pregnant asymptomatic smooth enlarged, Inc TSH normal T4
Colloid goitre
135
Isolated neck lump WL and anaemia
Hodgkins
136
Normal Calcium, normal phosphate. High ALP. XR: Increased trabecular pattern, cortical thickening, decreased joint space, osteophyte formation, lytic
changes + occasional fractures. PC: skull changes, bowed tibia, CNVIII sensorineural deficits
Pagets
137
Low calcium, low phosphate. Uremia (skin change), pericarditis, hyperkalemia
Renal osteodystrophy
138
Low Vit D. Low calcium, low phosphate. High ALP. Looser zones, non- specific weakness, vitamin D deficiency. Loss of bone calcification > thicker
osteoid. Often secondary to chronic kidney disease (secondary hyperparathyroidism > high phosphate > low calcium > low 1-a-hydroxylase > reduced Vit D.
Osteomalacia
139
High calcium, low phosphate, normal ALP. RX: sub-periosteal resorption, ostesclerosis, brown tumours, chrondrocalcinosis
Prim HPT
140
SE Cold toes +fingers, bronchoceonstriction, hypoglycaemia, fatigue, bad/vivid dreams, impotence
Tremor
BB
141
SE Dry cough
ACEi
142
SE Constipation, hypotension, bradycardia
CCBs verapamil diltiazem
143
SE Transient chest tightness + bronchospasm
Adenosine
144
SE Hyper/hypo-thyroidism, pulmonary fibrosis
Amiodarone
145
SE “torsades de pointes” = VT
Sotalol
146
SE Flushing, headache, ankle oedema
Nifedipine
147
SE SLE
hydralazine
148
SE Yellow vision, gynaecomastia
Digoxin
