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Neuro Drugs Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

mechanism of ethosuximide

A

blocks thalamic T-tyle Ca 2+ channels

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2
Q

use of ethosuximide

A

first-line for absence seizures

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3
Q

notable SEs of ethosuximide

A

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

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4
Q

mechanisms of (-azepam) drugs

A

benzos - increase frequency of opening of GABA-mediated Cl channel

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5
Q

use of (-azepam) drugs

A

first-line for acute status epilepticus

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6
Q

mechanism of phenytoin

A

Na channel inactivation

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7
Q

use of phenytoin

A
  • first-line treatment of tonic-clonic
  • first-line prophylaxis for status epilepticus
  • can also be used for simple, complex
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8
Q

notable SEs of phenytoin

A
  • teratogen
  • Stevens-Johnson
  • peripheral neuropathy
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9
Q

mechanism of carbamazepine

A

Na channel inactivation

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10
Q

use of carbamazepine

A
  • first-line for simple, complex, and tonic-clonic

- trigeminal neuralgia

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11
Q

notable SEs of carbamazepine

A
  • hepatotoxicity
  • teratogen
  • SIADH
  • Stevens-Johnson
  • blood cell dyscrasias
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12
Q

mechanism of valproic acid

A
  • Na channel inactivation

- inhibits GABA transaminase - increased GABA concentration

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13
Q

use of valproic acid

A
  • first line for tonic-clonic

- can be used for simple, complex, absence

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14
Q

notable SEs of valproic acid

A
  • hepatotoxicity
  • neural tube defects
  • tremor
  • weight gain
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15
Q

mechanism of gabapentin

A

inhibits VG Ca 2+ channels

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16
Q

use of gabapentin

A
  • peripheral neuropathy

- postherpetic neuralgia

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17
Q

mechanism of phenobarbital

A

increase duration of opening of GABA-mediated Cl channels

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18
Q

mechanism of topiramate

A
  • blocks Na channels

- increases GABA action

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19
Q

notable SEs of topiramate

A

kidney stones

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20
Q

use of topiramate

A

migraine PPx

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21
Q

mechanism of lamotrigine

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A

blocks VG Na channels

22
Q

notable SEs lamotrigine

23
Q

mechanism of levetiracetam

24
Q

What is the most common cause of complex partial seizures in adults?

Study These Flashcards
A

mesial temporal sclerosis

25
How do you treat the seizures of eclampsia?
MgSO4
26
What drug is first line for absence seizures?
ethosuximide
27
What drug is first line for status epilepticus?
IV lorazepam or diazepam
28
What drug is first line for PPx of status epilepticus?
phenytoin
29
What drugs are first line for tonic-clonic seizures?
- phenytoin - carbamazepine - valproic acid
30
What drug is first line for simple and complex seizures?
carbamazepine
31
How to treat OD of benzos?
flumazenil
32
How to treat alcoholic DT?
chlordiazepoxide or other benzo
33
mechanism of baclofen
inhibits GABA receptors at spinal cord level to induce muscle relaxation
34
mechanism of cyclobenzaprine
centrally acting muscle relaxant
35
mechanism of sumatriptan
5-HT 1B/1D agonists to induce vasoconstriction
36
use of sumatriptan
abortive for migraines
37
SEs of sumatriptan
coronary vasospasm (cannot use in CAD or Prinzmetal angina)
38
mechanism of memantine
NMDA receptor antagonist that prevents excitotoxicity
39
use of memantine
Alzheimer dz
40
mechanism of donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, tacrine
AChE inh
41
use of donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, tacrine
Alzheimer dz
42
mechanism of riluzole
NMDA antagonist that prevents excitotoxicity
43
use of riluzole
ALS - prolongs damage to motor neurons
44
mechanism of bromocriptine
dopamine agonist (ergot)
45
mechanism of pramipexole
dopamine agonist (non-ergot)
46
mechanism of amantadine
- increases DA release | - decreases DA reuptake
47
mechanism of L-DOPA
DA agonist that can cross the BBB
48
mechanism of carbidopa
blocks peripheral conversion of L-DOPA to DA by inhibiting DOPA decarboxylase
49
mechanism of entacapone, tolcapone
COMT inhibitors that prevent peripheral degradation of L-DOPA
50
mechanism of selegiline
MAO-B inh that helps prevent peripheral degradation of L-DOPA
51
mechanism of benztropine
antimuscarinic that improves tremor and rigidity in Parkinson
52
Long-term us of L-DOPA/carbidopa will lead to _____ following administration. This is known as ______.
dyskinesia, on-off phenomenon

Pharmacology (22 decks)

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