Neuro-Ophthalmology: Migraine

Question 0

mood change, yawning, poor concentration

Answer 0

three premonitory symptoms in migraine without aura

Question 1

common migraine

Answer 1

other term for migraine without aura

Question 2

classical migraine

Answer 2

other term for migraine with aura

Question 3

constant, global, worse in the morning

Answer 3

basic features of headache due to increased intracranial pressure

Question 4

motion sickness

Answer 4

childhood symptom seen in many patients who eventually go on to develop migraine

Question 5

menopause

Answer 5

what life event may cause migraines to lessen in severity

Question 6

puberty

Answer 6

typical age of onset of migraine

Question 7

visual

Answer 7

the usual type of aura in classical migraine

Question 8

fortification spectra, scintillating scotomas, tunnel vision, heat haze distortions, jigsaw puzzle defects

Answer 8

five varieties of visual aura in classical migraine

Question 9

30 minutes

Answer 9

up to how long do visual aura in migraines last

Question 10

homonymous hemianopia

Answer 10

visual aura in migraine may progress as far as this…

Question 11

false

Answer 11

TRUE or FALSE: Patients with acephalgic migraine often have no prior history of classical or common migraine

Question 12

basilar-type

Answer 12

form of migraine that may be accompanied by bilateral visual loss, diplopia, vertigo, dysarthria, ataxia, or loss of consciousness; occurs primarily

Question 13

trigeminal nucleus caudalis

Answer 13

activation of this starts the cascade in migraine development

Question 14

dilation, increased permeability, inflammation

Answer 14

release of neuropeptides by trigeminal nerve endings causes what to happen to pial arteries (three actions)

Question 15

cortical spreading depression

Answer 15

phenomenon responsible for visual changes in migraine

Question 16

true

Answer 16

TRUE or FALSE: basilar-type migraine may result in permanent neurological deficits

Question 17

retinal migraine

Answer 17

Vasospasm of the retinal arterioles may cause this migrainous variant

Question 18

retinal migraine

Answer 18

Patient before (A) and after (B) headache. Name condition.

Question 19

headache before aura, headache always on one side, persistent neurological deficit

Answer 19

three migranous features that warrant neuroimaging

Question 20

cerebral AVM

Answer 20

classical migraine masquerader

Question 21

focal migraine

Answer 21

migraine characterized by transient dysphasia, hemisensory symptoms, or even focal weakness

Question 22

ophthalmoplegic migraine

Answer 22

rare migraine variant that starts in children under 10 in which the migraine is followed by third nerve palsy

Question 23

familial hemiplegic migraine

Answer 23

an autosomal dominant classical migraine subtype that typically includes hemiparesis during the aura phase

Question 24

conjunctival injection, lacrimation

Answer 24

ocular phenomena in cluster headache

Question 25

cluster headache

Answer 25

type of headache that is a common cause of transient or permanent post-ganglionic Horner’s syndrome

Question 26

floaters

Answer 26

what should be present in acute PVD that is absent in migranous aura

Question 27

colored circles

Answer 27

visual phenomenon in occipital epilepsy

Question 28

PVD, amaurosis fugax, transient visual obscuration, occipital epilepsy

Answer 28

four items on differential diagnosis for visual phenomena of migraine

Question 29

trigeminal neuralgia, herpes zoster, Raeder paratrigeminal neuralgia,

Answer 29

if the pain of a headache follows the distribution of a branch of the trigeminal nerve these diagnoses must be considered

Question 30

MRI

Answer 30

mandatory in a case of suspected trigeminal neuralgia

Question 31

Raeder paratrigeminal neuralgia

Answer 31

severe unilateral headache associated with periocular pain in the distribution of the ophthalmic nerve associated with acute ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome

Question 32

greater occipital neuralgia

Answer 32

disorder characterized by attacks of pain that begin in the occipital region and then spread to involve the eye, temple, and face. Attacks frequently occur at night and are associated with flushing of the face, dizziness, and sometimes ipsilateral nasal obstruction

Question 33

ophthalmodynia periodica

Answer 33

disorder characterized by short, sharp, stabbing ocular pain which often causes the patient to place the hand over the affected eye

Question 34

ice-pick syndrome

Answer 34

disorder characterized by attacks of momentary, multifocal, sharp pain around the skull, face, and eyes without any specific trigger points

Question 35

indomethacin

Answer 35

ice-pick syndrome usually responds to this medication

Question 36

MELAS, CADASIL

Answer 36

two inherited encephalopathies with symptoms that can resemble migraine

Question 37

glossopharyngeal neuralgia

Answer 37

syndrome characterized by paroxysmal pain in the region of the larynx, tonsils, tongue, and ear

Question 38

carotidynia

Answer 38

neck pain that radiates to the face and ear from the carotid artery

Question 39

carotid artery dissection

Answer 39

carotidynia with ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome is suspicious for this

Question 40

sarcoidosis

Answer 40

inflammatory disorder associated with mental nerve neuropathy