Neurologic System

Question 1

What is Mydriasis?

Answer 1

dilated pupils

Question 2

What is Miosis?

Answer 2

Small pinpoint pupils

Question 3

What is Anosmia?

Answer 3

Partial or full loss of smell

Question 4

What is PERRLA?

Answer 4

Pupils Equal Round Reactive to Light and Accommodation

Question 5

What does accommodation mean?

Answer 5

Near = constrict
Far = dilate

Question 6

What can cause Miosis?

Answer 6

overdose on opioids

Question 7

What is -esthesia?

Answer 7

the feeling or sensation of

Question 8

What is Dysarthria?

Answer 8

difficulty speaking (caused by muscular problems)

Question 9

What is Dysphagia?

Answer 9

difficulty swallowing

Question 10

What is Dysphasia?

Answer 10

difficulty understanding words or putting words into a sentence

Question 11

What is Aphasia?

Answer 11

difficulty understanding words or putting words into a sentence

Question 12

What is Apraxia?

Answer 12

Loss of ability to execute or carry out skilled movements despite having the ability and desire to perform them

Question 13

What is Ataxia?

Answer 13

Impaired coordination

Question 14

What is Tremors?

Answer 14

Continuous rapid twitching of resting muscles

Question 15

What is AMS?

Answer 15

altered mental status

Question 16

What is Delirium?

Answer 16

confusion, that can develop over hours or days – altered mental status

Question 17

What is Dementia?

Answer 17

a term for several progressive diseases that affect memory, thinking, and the ability to perform daily activities

Question 18

What is Encephalitis?

Answer 18

inflammation of the active brain tissues

Question 19

What is Meningitis?

Answer 19

inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord

Question 20

Symptoms of Meningitis

Answer 20

Fever, headache, stiff neck, sensitivity to light, nausea/vomiting, confusion/altered mental status

Question 21

What is Peripheral Neuropathy?

Answer 21

damaged nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord

Question 22

What is Strabismus?

Answer 22

eye misalignment

Question 23

What is Nystagmus?

Answer 23

rhythmic oscillation of the eye

Question 24

What is Proprioception?

Answer 24

also called kinesthesia - this is the awareness of the body in space

Question 25

What is Ischemic stroke?

Answer 25

blockage of a blood vessel in the brain

Question 26

What is CVA? (other than a stroke)

Answer 26

medical condition where blood flow to the brain is interrupted, causing brain tissue damage

Question 27

Cardiac cause of stroke?

Answer 27

A-Fib (blood clot will form in the left atrium and travel to the left ventricle to the aorta to the carotid)

Question 28

What is Hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 28

rupture of a blood vessel in the brain

Question 29

What are the two different kinds of stroke?

Answer 29

Ischemic and Hemorrhagic

Question 30

What chronic condition can cause hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 30

HTN

Question 31

What does FAST mean in regards to stroke?

Answer 31

FAST: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 911

Question 32

What are the symptoms of a stroke?

Answer 32

- sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg - sudden confusion - sudden trouble seeing out of one eye or both eyes - sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination - sudden severe headache with no known cause

Question 33

What are the risk factors

Answer 33

- HTN - High cholesterol - Smoking - Poor diet - Women using (estrogen) oc - Obesity - Conditions that cause inflammation - Genetics - Diabetes - Sleep disordered

Question 34

What are the mean teachings to prevent stroke?

Answer 34

- control cholesterol, BP, and diabetes - exercise 30min a day - choose lean proteins - choose low-fat dairy products - eat fruits and vegetables

Question 35

Frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 35

personality and thinking

Question 36

Parietal lobe responsible for?

Answer 36

process taste, texture, temp

Question 37

Temporal lobe responsible for?

Answer 37

process smell, taste, sound

Question 38

Occipital lobe responsible for?

Answer 38

process images

Question 39

Thalamus responsible for?

Answer 39

sensory relay

Question 40

Hypothalamus responsible for?

Answer 40

autnomic/homeostasis

Question 41

Pituitary Gland responsible for?

Answer 41

is the endocrine master

Question 42

Name components of the physical exam for Neurological assessment

Answer 42

- mental status - cranial nerves - sensory-motor - reflexes

Question 43

What is a Glascow Coma Score?

Answer 43

used to evaluate the level of consciousness after a brain injury

Question 44

Which cranial nerves are in the forebrain?

Answer 44

I and II

Question 45

What is Cerebella Ataxia?

Answer 45

wide-based, staggering, unsteady gait

Question 46

What is Parkinsonian gait?

Answer 46

shuffling gait - stooped over posture with flexed hips and knees

Question 47

What is Scissors gait?

Answer 47

stiff, short gait - thighs overlap with each step

Question 48

What is Spatic hemiparesis?

Answer 48

flexed arm held close to body while client drags toe of leg or circles it stiffly

Question 49

What is Footdrop?

Answer 49

client lifts foot and knee high with each step and cannot walk on heels

Question 50

What is Decorticate posturing?

Answer 50

Flexion of the upper extremities and extension of the lower extremities

Question 51

What is Decerebrate posturing?

Answer 51

Extension of all four extremities

Question 52

Older adult considerations for neurological assessment

Answer 52

- impaired cognitive function (memory, processing speed, executive function, language) - sensory decline (vision, hearing, taste, smell, tactile) - motor function (coordination, tremors, gait)

Question 53

Older adults have an increased risk for: (neurological)

Answer 53

- Dementia - Parkinsons - stroke