NREMT 2 Flashcards
(216 cards)
1
Q
palmar
A
palm
2
Q
palmar grasp reflex
A
infant grasp reflex
3
Q
palpate
A
touch exam
4
Q
pancreas
A
flat, solid organ; source of digestive enzymes
5
Q
paradoxical motion
A
opposite of normal chest wall motion during flail chest
6
Q
parasympathetic nervous system
A
vegetative functions
7
Q
parenteral meds
A
meds that enters body by means other than digestive, skin or mucous membranes
8
Q
parietal bones
A
between temporal and occipital cranium
9
Q
parietal pleura
A
chest cavity membrane
10
Q
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
A
forced to sit up to breathe
11
Q
partial pressure
A
gas in air
12
Q
partial thickness burns
A
burn of the epidermis and some dermis but not subcutaneous issue
13
Q
passive ventilation
A
air moving in-out during chest compressions
14
Q
Pediatric Assessment Triangle / PAT
A
assessment tool for infants without touching
15
Q
patella
A
kneecap
16
Q
patent
A
clear
17
Q
pathogen
A
microorganism capable of causing disease
18
Q
pathophysiology
A
study of normal functions being affected by disease
19
Q
Peak
A
maximum effect of drug period
20
Q
pectoral girdle
A
supporting structure of arm s
21
Q
pelvic binder
A
splint; reduce hemorrhage;
22
Q
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / PID
A
infection of fallopian tubes and surrounding tissues
23
Q
peptic ulcer disease
A
abrasion of stomach or intestine
24
Q
per os
A
through mouth; oral
25
per rectum
medication through rectum
26
perfusion
flow of blood through vessels and tissues
27
pericardial effusion
collection of fluid between pericardial sac and myocardium
28
pericardial tamponade
compression of heart due to fluid in the pericardial sac leading to decreased cardiac output
29
pericardium
heart sac
30
perineum
skin between vagina and anus
31
peripheral nervous system
31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Sensory, motor and connecting nerves
32
peristalsis
tubular organs propel contents
33
peritoneal cavity
abdominal cavity
34
peritoneum
lining covering abdominal organs
35
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
36
persistency
how long a chemical agent stays on surface before evaporation
37
pertinent negatives
negative findings that warrant no care
38
pertussis
whooping cough
39
phalanges
bones of fingers and toes
40
pharmacodynamics
how medications work in the body
41
pharmacokinetics
how medications are absorbed, distributed, changed and eliminated
42
PHI
pertinent medical info
43
phosgene
pulmonary agent that is a product of combustion, delayed symptom onset
44
phosgene oxime
blistering agent
45
phrenic nerves
nerves for moving diaphragm
46
physiology
study or normal functions
47
pinna
visible part of ear
48
placenta previa
placenta develops and covers cervix
49
plantar
bottom of foot
50
pleural effusion
collection of fluid between lungs, may compress the lungs
51
pleuritic chest pain
sharp pain on breathing in
52
pneumothorax
accumulation of air or gas in pleural cavity
53
pleural cavity
interior of chest
54
polydipsia
excessive thirst
55
polyphagia
excessive eating
56
polypharmacy
multiple regular meds
57
polyuria
excessive urine
58
pons
sleep
59
positional asphyxia
restriction of chest wall movements, deadly, can be an obstruction
60
postconventional reasoning
reason based on conscience
61
posterior tibial artery
blood to feet
62
postictal state
period that follows a seizure, 5-30 mins, labored breathing and altered mental status
63
posttraumatic amnesia
inability to remember events after an injury
64
preconventional reasoning
reasoning based on getting what he/she wants
65
preeclampsia
pregnancy complication
66
preload
precontraction pressure as blood volume builds up
67
preoxygenation
providing oxygen in combination with ventilation
68
presbycusis
hearing loss at old age
69
preschool
3-6yr old
70
primigravida
first pregnancy
71
prolapse of umbilical cord
cord comes out before child
72
proximate causation
abuse of power/duty
73
psychogenic shock
fainting, sudden loss of blood loss to brain
74
pulmonary artery
carries oxy poor blood; heart->lungs
75
pulmonary edema
buildup of fluid in lungs
76
pulmonary embolism
clot from large vein that travels to heart
77
putrefaction
decomposing of body tissues
78
quadrants
sections of the abdominal cavity
79
quaternary blast injury
blast injury
80
raccoon eyes
bruising under eyes, indicating skull fracture
81
radial artery
wrist artery
82
rapport
trusting relationship
83
Reticular Activating Syndrome / RAS
upper brainstem; controls arousal
84
Radiological Dispersal device
common
85
recovery position
side lying; maintains a clear airway
86
reduce
to set a joint
87
referred pain
pain in area other than pain location
88
renal pelvis
cone; collects urine; funnells to ureter
89
res ipsa loquitur
EMS / EMT is liable for injury
90
residual volume
air that remains after maximal expiration
91
respiration
process of exchanging o2 and co2
92
respiratory compromise
inability to move gas effectively
93
Respiratory Syncytial virus / RSV
infection of lungs and breath passages; contagious through droplets
94
retrograde amnesia
cant remember before head injury
95
retropariteneal
behind peritoneal cavity
96
return of spontaneous circulation / ROSC
return of pulse and flow after cardiac arrest
97
reverse triage
multiple lightning strike victims
98
Revised Trauma Score
scoring head trauma
99
rhonchi
coarse, low breaths with mucus
100
rigor mortis
stiffness of body, definite sign of death
101
rooting reflex
infant moves towards cheek tough
102
rule of 9's
assigns percentages of body for burns
103
sacroilliac joint
pelvis and vertebrae connection
104
sacrum
one of 3 bones in pelvic ring
105
Special Atomic Demolition Munitions / SADM
suitcase nuclear weapon
106
saggital plane
left and right
107
SAMPLE
signs/symptoms, allergies, medication, pert. med. history, last oral intake, events leading to injury
108
scald burn
hot liquid burn
109
schizophrenia
delusions, hallucinations, lack of interest in pleasure and erratic speech
110
school age
6-12yr old
111
sciatic nerve
most of leg and foot
112
sclera
white portion of eye
113
scope of practice
state law outline
114
sebaceous glands
produce sebum, along shafts of hair
115
second degree burns
epidermis and some dermis but not subcutaneous tissue
116
seminal vescicles
sperm sac
117
sensorineural deafness
perm. hearing loss due to injury
118
septic shock
shock by severe infection; usually bacterial
119
shallow respirations
low tidal volume breathing
120
shock
condition which the circulatory system fails to maintain function; hypoperfusion
121
shunts
tubes that drain
122
simple pneumothorax
no drastic vital change
123
skeletal muscle
muscle attached to bones; sirrated or voluntary muscle
124
SL
under the tounge; medication
125
somatic nervous system
regulates voluntary control
126
sphincters
muscles that contract/constrict a duct
127
spina bifida
spinal cord or mengies protrudes
128
spontaneous pneumothorax
rupture causing air to leak into pleural space
129
spontaneous respirations
non assisted respiratons
130
sprain
damage to ligaments
131
standard of care
written levels of expected care
132
START Triage
simple trage and rapid treatment ( walk? Resp? hemodynamic status (pumping heart/circulation)? neurologic ?
133
status epilepticus
seizures recur every few minutes or last longer than 30 min s
134
statute of limitations
time on which a legal case must be commenced
135
sterilization
removed microbial contamination
136
sternocleidomastoid muscles
allow head movement
137
stoma
opening leading to an organ
138
stratum corneum
outermost layer of skin
139
stridor
harsh, high pitched respiratory sounds by partial blockage
140
subarachnoid hemorrhage
bleeding into the space where CSF circulates
141
subcutaneous tissues
directly under dermis
142
subdural hematoma
blood beneath dura matter
143
sublingual
medication delivery under tounge
144
superior vena cava
carries blood to the upper extremities
145
supine hypotensive syndrome
low blood pressue from a pregnant female's inferior vena cava compression when supine
146
sympathetic nervous system
fight or flight
147
symphyses
joints that grow toghether for a stable connection
148
syptomatic hyperglycemia
unconcious from ketoacidosis, dehydration due to polyuria, hyperglycemia
149
syncope
fainting
150
syndromic surveillance
monitoring by local or state departments
151
synovial fluid
joint lubrication
152
synovial membrane
secretes synovial fluid into joint space
153
systemic circulation
system outside of heart and lungs
154
systemic vascular resistance
force the blood needs to overcome to move
155
systole
contraction of heart
156
systolic pressure
increased pressure with each contraction (systole)
157
tachycardia
rapid heartrate, 100+/bpm
158
tachypnea
rapid respirations
159
tarsals
foot bones
160
Tuberculosis / TB
chronic lung bacterial infection
161
temporal bones
temples
162
temporomandibular joint
where mandible and cranium meet
163
tension pneumothorax
air/gas in pleural cavity causing pressue on chest and interferes with cardiac function
164
third-degree burns
epidermis, dermins and subceutaneous are burnt
165
thorax
chest
166
thromboembolism
floating blood clot
167
thrombophilia
abnormality in coagulation
168
thrombosis
blood clot
169
thrombo-
relating to blood clotting
170
Transient ischemic attack /TIA
brain disorder; brain cells temporarily stop functioning due to insufficient oxy; strokelike; resolves in 24hrs of onset
171
tibia
shinbone
172
tidal volume
one breath air ammoutn
173
toddler
1-3yr old
174
tolerance
need for increasing ammoutn of meds to get same effect
175
tonic-clonic seizre
twitching of all body muscles; grand mal seizure
176
traction
longitudinal force
177
tragus
bulge anterior to ear canal
178
transcutaneous
through the skin; medication delivery route
179
transverse
top and bottom plane
180
trauma score
GCS, 1-16, relates to likelyhood of patient survival
181
traumatic asphyxia
blood back into the head and neck
182
tunica media
middle and thickest layer of blood vessels
183
turbinates
layers of bone in nasal cavity
184
turgor
pinch skin; skin resist deformation
185
two-to-three word dyspnea
2-3 words and needing a breath
186
typanic membrane
eardrum
187
type 1 diabetic
autoimmune; cant produce insulin
188
type 2 diabetic
insulin resistance is present
189
umbilicus
belly button
190
untoward effect
actions harmful to patients
191
uremia
kidney failure resulting in waste in blood; impaired brain functions
192
ureter
tube, kidneys to bladder
193
urostomy
stoma to bladder
194
urticaria
hives
195
vancomycin-resistant enterococci
bacteria in female repro tract
196
vascoconstriction
narrowing of blood vessels
197
vasoocclusive crisis
ischemia and pain caused by sickle shaped RBC's
198
veins
blood from tissues to heart
199
ventral
anterior
200
ventricle
lower chambers of heart
201
ventricular fibrillation (V-FIB)
quivering of the ventricles
202
ventricuclar tachycardia (V-TAC)
rapid heart rythem where electrical is in the ventricle
203
venules
small thin walled blood vessels
204
vernix caseosa
white, cheesey that covers fetus
205
verebreal column
spine, 33 vertebrae
206
vertex presentation
baby head first
207
vesicular breath sounds
normal breath
208
viral hemorrhagic fevers
virus that causes blood to seep out of tissue and vessles
209
virulence
strength of a pathogen
210
visceral pleura
membrane that covers lungs
211
vital capacity
air expelled after max breath
212
volatility
how long chem stays on surface before evap
213
V/Q Ratio
how much gas is being moved effiently and how much blood is flowing
214
wheal
bite; risen skin
215
Xiphoid Proccess
tip of sternum
216
zygomas
cheeckbones
