Nutrition

Question 1

Exclusive breastfeeding up until _____months can protect against caries in infants ?

Answer 1

6 months

Question 2

noctural feeding/feeding to sleep past______months can pose risk for early childhood caries

Answer 2

12 months

Question 3

Breastfeeding is encourage until what age

Answer 3

12 months

Question 4

Sucking could lead to____________

Answer 4

narrowing of palates

Question 5

Exclusive breastfeeding is beneficial because it aids in dvlpment of____________ & preferable shaping of__________

Answer 5

Maxilla & Mandible, Oral cavity & hard palate

Question 6

T/F, breastfeeding can help with the prevention of occlusion problem

Answer 6

T

Question 7

Solid foods can be introduced to baby from around________months

Answer 7

6

Question 7

Sippy cup can be used in_________months, then cup from_________onwards

Answer 7

6-12, 12

Question 8

Prolonged habits of non-nutritive sucking habits inc. the likelihood of child dvlping______________

Answer 8

Altered occlusion

Question 9

iron containing foods should be introduced to babies early because________________

Answer 9

iron stores in babies start running out ~ 6 months

Question 10

Dummy sucking could lead to what occlusion problem

Answer 10

XSsive overjet & abscence of lower arch dvlpment space

Question 11

Thumb/Finger sucking inc. the likelihood of dvlping what occlusion problem

Answer 11

Open bite (often asymmetric)

Question 12

Tongue thrust can lead to what occlusion problem

Answer 12

Anterior open bite

Question 13

Things like honey & apple juice should not be introduced until what age ?

Answer 13

12 months old

Question 14

________deficiency has been linked w/ clefts

Answer 14

Folate

Question 15

Supplementation of what vitamins can be protective against dvlping clefts in infants during pregnancy

Answer 15

A & B

Question 16

Which feeding route bypass the digestive tract

Answer 16

Parental

Question 17

What macro & micronutrients are important for dvlpment during Post eruptive period

Answer 17

Protein & Vitamin D

Question 18

What macro & micronutrients are important for dvlpment during Pre eruptive period

Answer 18

Protein, Vitamin A & D, Ca + P + Fe

Question 19

Acute/Chronically ill children may require additional nutrition sprt on top of breastmilk because ?

Answer 19

Milk alone may not meet energy requirement, Unable to suckle due to dvlpmental defects (i.e. clefts)

Question 20

A stephen curve indicates________

Answer 20

Change of oral pH throughout a day

Question 20

Give 5 foods that are protective against caries

Answer 20

Xylitol, Crunchy fruit & vegetables, dairy (incl. cheese), seafood, nuts

Question 20

• Does artificial sweeteners contribute to dental decay
• Give 2 examples of artificial sweeteners

Answer 20

• NO
• Aspartame, Saccharine

Question 21

For bread:
- Fiber >_____g
- Sodium <______mg

Answer 21

• 5
• 600

Question 21

Breakfast cereal: - Fiber >_____g - Sodium <_____mg - Sugar <______g

Answer 21

- 6 - 300 - 15

Question 22

The pain of Irreversible pulpitis worsen when_________

Answer 22

At night/Lying down

Question 23

- What kind of pain does Irreversible pulpitis give - It feels_____to percussion if pulp progress to necrosis

Answer 23

- Dull aching - Tender

Question 24

What foods trigger pain of Reversible pulpitis

Answer 24

cold & sweet

Question 25

What foods trigger pain of Irreversible Pulpitis

Answer 25

cold & hot & sweet

Question 26

What is the tx for Irreversible Pulpitis

Answer 26

Root Canal or Ext.

Question 27

What is the tx for Reversible Pulpitis

Answer 27

Remove the source of inflammation

Question 28

Pain can be lingering after stimulus is removed in (Reversible/Irreversible) Pulpitis

Answer 28

Irreversible

Question 29

At lower levels, ROS can________

Answer 29

Stimulate growth of epithelial cells & fibroblast in periodontal tissue

Question 30

At high levels, ROS can__________

Answer 30

lead to tissue damage

Question 31

List 4 sources of antioxidants

Answer 31

Vitamin C, E, B-Carotene, Selenium

Question 32

Antioxidants play an important role in downregulating______________

Answer 32

Proinflammatory response

Question 33

Smokers require________mg above the recommended dosage of vitamin C

Answer 33

35

Question 33

What are the 2 protective properties of vitamin C

Answer 33

Maintain cell membrane integrity, protection against ROS during inflammatory response

Question 33

Vitamin___deficiency will lead to lack of activation of lysine & proline to archive collagen maturation

Answer 33

C

Question 34

Vitamin C deficiency gingivitis will appear w/ what symptoms clinically ?

Answer 34

Tooth mobility, weak & immature PDL

Question 35

Vitamin (C/D) provide anti-inflammatory property

Answer 35

Both

Question 36

Vitamin D enhances_________absorptions, maintains_________, aids___________of teeth

Answer 36

Ca & PO4, blood Ca lv, calcification of teeth

Question 36

Which micronutrients are important for cell membrane maintainence

Answer 36

Vitamin A,C,E, B-Carotene

Question 37

Which micronutrient is involved in energy transfer rxns in the mitochondria

Answer 37

Mg

Question 38

Many of the pathways to inflammation are related to high calories intake from________________ & [O] stress stimulated by change in metabolism of___________

Answer 38

REFINED carbs, adipose tissues

Question 39

Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer is also known as________sore

Answer 39

Canker

Question 39

Besides consumption of XS refined carbs, list 3 other foods also promote inflammation

Answer 39

Saturated fats, trans fats, omega-6 fatty acids

Question 39

Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer usually first appears in what kind of ages

Answer 39

Childhood/adolescence

Question 39

Xs refined carbs consumption promote IL__________, which are__________

Answer 39

1 & 6, pro-inflammatory mediators

Question 39

Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer is more prevalent in what ethnicity

Answer 39

Caucasians

Question 40

Vitamin____supplementation may help with Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer

Answer 40

B

Question 40

What metals deficiency are linked to higher incidence of Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer

Answer 40

Fe, Zn

Question 41

List 2 herbs that are anti-inflammatory

Answer 41

Chamomile, Liquorice

Question 41

Which herb can reinforce the immune sys.

Answer 41

Echinacea

Question 42

Pregnant ppl should avoid___________due to mercury content

Answer 42

Deep sea fish

Question 43

_________can cause vitamin B12 deficiency by blocking the_________from absorbing vitamin B12

Answer 43

H. Pylori, stomach

Question 44

What is the temp. zone ideal for bacterial growth in food

Answer 44

5-60C

Question 45

- Carbs: ____kJ/g - Protein:____kJ/g - Fat:____kJ/g - Alcohol:____kJ/g

Answer 45

- 16 - 17 - 37 - 29

Question 46

Serves per day - Vegetables: - Grains: - Fruits:

Answer 46

- 5-6 - 3-6 - 2

Question 47

Serves per day - Dairy: - Meat/Protein: - Discretionary:

Answer 47

- 2.5-4 - 2-3 - 0-3

Question 48

Delaying removal of______may interfere w/ some word & sound formation

Answer 48

bottles

Question 49

For snacks, Sat fat: <___g/100g

Answer 49

< 3

Question 50

For snakcs, Fiber: >____g/serve

Answer 50

>=3

Question 51

For snacks, Energy: <_____kJ/serve

Answer 51

< 600

Question 52

For snacks, Sugar: <___g/100g

Answer 52

< 15

Question 53

For milk/yogurt/icecream, fat: <____g/100g

Answer 53

< 2

Question 54

For snacks, fat: <____g/100g

Answer 54

< 10

Question 55

For cheese, fat: <____g/100g

Answer 55

< 15