Occupational and environmental lung diseases

Question 1

what is the most common occupational lung disease?

Answer 1

occupational asthma

Question 2

what kind of testing is used for occupational asthma? what is the gold standard?

Answer 2

pre and post shift monitoring of lung function
spirometry
PEF AT and OFF work for several weeks
specific inhalation challenge (gold standard)

Question 3

what is the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

Answer 3

cell mediated immunity, activation of alveolar macrophages and CD8 T cell influx, with ill defined granuloma formation

Question 4

clubbing is seen in which presentation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

Answer 4

chronic

Question 5

what are the radiographic findings of asbestosis?

Answer 5

plaques on diaphragmatic surface of pleura

Question 6

how is HCN carried through the body?

Answer 6

RBCs

Question 7

what does HCN do in the intracellular compartment?

Answer 7

binds to cytochrome c oxidase
blocks respiratory cycle and ATP formation
profound lactic acidosis occurs