Opposition Ideas And Ideologies Flashcards
(12 cards)
What was the most significant consequence of the 1905 revolution?
The October Manifesto
What was the October Manifesto?
It was a concession to the liberals, not a genuine attempt to reform Russia’s political system
What did the Duma provide?
A political platform for discussion and debate. It met some of the Liberals demands for a constitutional monarchy and democracy
Were factory workers given greater civic freedoms through social welfare reforms?
Yes although these were often ignored as they were not enforced
What outweighed the gains of the Russian revolution?
The use of represssion and the police state eg the use of the army to crush the 1912 Lena Goldfields strike. Overall the more radical political groups had achieved very little
What did the October Manifesto introduce?
The legal formation of political parties and trade unions
Who contested elections to gain representation in the Duma?
The social democrats and the social revolutionaries, along with other more moderate parties and national groups like the Poles and Finns who wanted to pressure the government for greater independence
What was a weakness of the Social Democrats?
The Bolshevik vs Menshevik split, Bolsheviks advocated for vanguardism and revolution led by a small, intellectual cell whereas Mensheviks advocated for a revolution brought about through mass strikes
What was Pravda?
A Bolshevik newspaper launched in 1912 that had a good circulation in large cities
Why did the Social Democrats achieve little in the way of inciting revolution?
Its leaders were in exile and membership numbers were plummeting from 1905 to 1914
What was the approach of the Social Revolutionaries?
They capitalised on the unrest in the countryside among the peasantry, as they did not benefit from Stolypin’s land reforms. They advocated for widespread redistribution of land. They also conducted high profile political assassinations eg in 1911 they murdered the PM Stolypin
How effective were the Social Revolutionaries?
On the whole, the peasantry stayed loyal to the Tsarist regime
