Treatment Of The Jews Flashcards
(10 cards)
What were Alexander III’s Russification policies?
They promoted the Russian language and Orthodox Christianity and aimed to assimilate minority groups like Jews into the Russian culture
What economic restrictions did Jews face?
They were severe and included limitations on property ownership, engaging in certain professions and accessing higher education
What was the Pale of Settlement?
Jews were confined to this designated area where they were allowed to live. Movement outside of the area was heavily restricted unless they converted to Christianity
Describe pogroms
These violent anti Jewish pogroms occurred frequently, instensifying between 1881 and 1884. Jewish communities were attacked resulting in deaths, injuries and property destruction
What were the May laws?
The May Laws of 1882 prohibited Jews from living outside of larger cities and towns, from owning or managing estates, from leasing land or from operating businesses on Sundays or other Christian holidays
What did many Jews do in the face of increasing persecution?
They emigrated from the Russian empire to seek refuge in Western Europe and the United States
How were Jews treated?
They were socially ostracised and faced widespread anti- Semitic attitudes, often fuelled by government propaganda
How did someone being Jewish affect conscription?
They were subjected to harsh conscription policies, including long terms of military service starting from a young age, often under brutal conditions
Did Jews have good access to education?
It was severely limited for them, with quotas imposed on their admissions to university and other educational institutions. This limited the number of Jewish doctors, teachers and lawyers
What was the consequence of this harsh treatment?
More and more educated Jews began to join the membership of illegal armed groups
