organ systems Flashcards
(26 cards)
circulatory system
Function: transport nutrients and waste to and from all body tissues
Structures: heart, blood, blood vessels
red blood cells
carry oxygen and and CO2
white blood cells
defend body agaisnt attack
platelets
heal wounds by clotting blood
plasma
liquid mixture of water,
salts, minerals, and proteins
moves shit around
3 blood vessels
1) artery
2) vein
3) capillary
artery
- transports blood AWAYYYYY from heart (a for away)
- thick wall high blood pressure
vein
- blood towards heart
- thin wall low pressure
oppisite of artery
capillary
one-cell thin blood
vessels nearby cells that allow
nutrients and waste to be
exchanged
a) right side of heart pumps _______ blood to lungs so they can pick up _______.
b) left side pumps _______ blood through the rest of the body.
a) de-oxygenated, oxygen.
b) oxygenated
capillary in lung
● Oxygen moves into blood
● Carbon dioxide moves out of blood
capillary in other body cells
● Oxygen moves out of blood
● Carbon dioxide moves into
blood
respiratory system
Function: carries air into and out of the lungs, where
gas exchange occurs
Structures: nose, mouth, air passages, diaphragm,
lungs
a) inhalation: diaphram _______ creating a vacuum that pulls air into the lungs.
b) exhalation: diaphragm ______
which forces air out of the lungs
a) contracts (moves downwards)
b) relaxes (moves upwards)
trachea
big air pathway that branches out into two bronchi
alveoli
- tiny air sacs in lungs
- gas exchange: transferring oxygen from inhaled air into the bloodstream and removing CO2 from blood.
- thin membrane between the alveoli and surrounding capillaries.
digestive system
Function: to extract nutrients from food and remove
leftover waste
Food pathway: mouth → esophagus → stomach →
small intestine → large intestine → rectum
- The mouth physically digest food
- The stomach and small intestine chemically digest
food - The small intestine absorbs nutrients and the large
intestine absorbs water
Excretory system
Function: to filter waste products from the blood
and maintain the proper balance of water and
electrolytes in the body
Urine pathway: Kidneys → Ureter → Bladder →
Urethra → Out of body
nephron
filters out waste and water to produce urine as blood flows thru ur kidneys
reproductive system ;)
Function: produces gametes; produce offspring and milk in females
Structures: ovaries (F), uterus (F),
mammary glands (F), testes (M)
● Ovaries produce egg cells
● Testes produce sperm cells
● Uterus is where the fetus develops
● Mammary glands secrete milk
gametes
sperm or egg
skeletal system
Provides structure,
Supports and protects
organs
muscular system
Moves body and moves
materials within the body
nervous system
Controls and coordinates
body movement and senses
