Organization of the body

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Looks at the structure of the body and location (ex: size and shape)

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

how the body works
* the way the job is done is dependent on anatomy

Question 3

Example of interrelationship of structure and function

Answer 3

1. Epithelial cells form the covering of body surfaces, help secret, absorb, excrete, filter, and sense
2. Nose hairs line the inside of the cavity to protect your lungs from dust, pollen, other allergens
3. Calcium in bones helps to provide the skeletal structure and structure

Question 4

Level of structural organization

Answer 4

1. Chemical level - atoms, molecules (ex: cystic fibrosis, faulty chloride ion in the body)
2. Cell level - living once we get into this name, can all look different
3. Tissue level - Cells being put together, used for jobs together
4. Organ level - tissue makes organs, have to use 2 or more different types of tissue to be an organ
5. System level - grouping organs together to get a broad structure
6. Organism- collection of all organs

Question 5

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 5

Function is to cover and line being a selective barrier

Question 6

Connective Tissue

Answer 6

Function is to support, connect, and give structure to other tissue and organs in the body
ex: blood, bone, ligament, and tendons
* (blood and bone have fats)

Question 7

Muscle tissue

Answer 7

Function is to allow the tissue to shorten (by stimulation)
*this is the only tissue that can do this function
ex: heart, skeletal muscle, stomach

Question 8

Nervous Tissue

Answer 8

Function is to regulate and control. Senses and brings info the the control center so your body can respond
ex: hunger, temperature

Question 9

Anatomical Position

Answer 9

Palms forward, feet slightly spread apart
*this is the position you always start off of

Question 10

Bilateral Symmetry

Answer 10

On the outside cuts the body in half, but only on the outside does this work. Sometimes can work inside.
ex: ovaries, eye, arm, ear

Question 11

Anterior

Answer 11

Front

Question 12

Posterior

Answer 12

Back

Question 13

superior

Answer 13

Closer to the top of the head

Question 14

Inferior

Answer 14

Further from the head, closer to tail

Question 15

Ventral (Anterior)

Answer 15

Along the front side of the body, close to belly

Question 16

Dorsal (posterior)

Answer 16

Farther from the front, close to the back

Question 17

Medial

Answer 17

Right on the midline of body or close to it

Question 18

Lateral

Answer 18

Position away from the midline of the body

Question 19

Proximal

Answer 19

Closer (used for extremities)
-related to a reference point

Question 20

Distal

Answer 20

Further away
-related to a reference point

Question 21

Superficial

Answer 21

Closer to the surface

Question 22

Deep

Answer 22

Further from the surface
ex: thalamus

Question 23

Sagittal

Answer 23

Off center to medium (of body)

Question 24

Midsagittal (median)

Answer 24

Right down the middle

Question 25

Frontal (Coronal)

Answer 25

Gives you front and back view of the body

Question 26

Horizontal (Transverse)

Answer 26

You will get a top piece and a bottom piece

Question 27

Body Cavity

Answer 27

Spaces that hold organs

Question 28

Name the two main body cavities

Answer 28

1. Dorsal 2. Ventral

Question 29

Dorsal Body Cavity

Answer 29

Can be broken up into 1. Cranial Body Cavity 2. Vertebral Body Cavity

Question 30

What is the membranes of the dorsal body cavity

Answer 30

Meninges

Question 31

Name the fluid associated with the dorsal body cavity

Answer 31

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

Question 32

Ventral Body Cavity

Answer 32

Can be broken up into the Thoracic body cavity and Abdominopelvic body cavity (peritoneal)

Question 33

Thoracic Body Cavity

Answer 33

Can be broken up into the Pericardial Body Cavity and R + L Pleural Body Cavity

Question 34

Abdominopelvic Body Cavity (Peritoneal)

Answer 34

Can be broken up into Abdominal Body Cavity and Pelvic Body Cavity -there are no structures that separate the abdomen from the pelvic region

Question 35

Viscera

Answer 35

Internal Organ ex: in the pericardial it is the heart ex: in the pleural is it the lungs

Question 36

Visceral Membrane

Answer 36

Covering organ

Question 37

Parietal Membrane

Answer 37

-Lining covering the organ

Question 38

Mediastinum

Answer 38

-area between the lungs -an organ found there is the heart, large blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, and lymph node

Question 39

Homeostasis

Answer 39

A state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and function correctly