Other TB infections Flashcards
(188 cards)
1
Q
Describe the form of miliary TB
A
Severe
2
Q
Describe the spread that causes miliary TB
A
Hematogenous
3
Q
Describe the dose of bacteria which is spread in miliary TB
A
Large
4
Q
Describe the immunity of the patient which has miliary TB
A
Very low
5
Q
Describe the occurrence of the foci when cut section and outer surfaces of all organs is done
A
Multiple
6
Q
Describe their shape
A
Rounded
7
Q
Describe their size
A
Equal
8
Q
Describe their color
A
Yellowish
9
Q
What are the small foci related to?
A
Blood vessels
10
Q
What are these small foci not surrounded by?
A
Red zone
11
Q
What is this red zone of?
A
Hyperaemia
12
Q
What is seen under the microscope in miliary TB? (2 points)
A
Tubercles
Central caseation
13
Q
Describe this caseation
A
Central
14
Q
What are the cells seen under the microscope in miliary TB?
A
Langhans giant cells
15
Q
Describe the number of these Langhans giant cells
A
Few
16
Q
What is the differential diagnosis of Miliary TB?
A
Pyaemic abscesses
17
Q
Describe the prognosis of Miliary TB
A
Fatal
18
Q
What occurs in the primary skin TB?
A
Primary skin complex
19
Q
What is the secondary skin TB a part of?
A
Miliary TB
20
Q
Which miliary TB is the secondary skin TB a part of?
A
Generalized
21
Q
What occurs in the secondary skin TB?
A
Lupus vulgaris
22
Q
Describe Lupus vulgaris
A
Infection
23
Q
Describe this infection
A
Hematogenous
24
Q
Where does this hematogenous infection mainly occur in?
A
Face
25
Describe the shape of the TB ulcer
Irregular
26
Describe the edge of the TB ulcer
Undermined
27
What occurs in the edge of the TB ulcer?
Destruction
28
Which layer is this destruction more in?
Deeper
29
Describe the margin of the TB ulcer
Cyanotic
30
Describe the shape of this margin
Irregular
31
What occurs in the floor of the TB ulcer?
Caseation
32
What occurs in the base of the TB ulcer?
Fibrosis
33
Describe this base
Indurated
34
What does the TB ulcer show under the microscope? (2 points)
Tubercle
| Caseation
35
What are the 2 differential diagnosis of the TB ulcer?
Syphilitic
| Malignant ulcers
36
How does the bacteria enter the intestine in TB enteritis?
Swallowed
37
How many organs are rarely affected by the swallowing of bacteria?
3
38
What are the 3 organs that are rarely affected by the swallowing of the bacteria?
Mouth
Pharynx
Oesophagus
39
What makes these 3 organs rarely affected by the swallowing of the bacteria?
Stratified squamous epithelium
40
What is another organ that isn't affected by the swallowing of the bacteria?
Stomach
41
What feature of the stomach doesn't make it affected by the swallowing of the bacteria?
Acidity
42
Describe the dose needed as a result
Large
43
What is this large dose needed to reach?
Intestine
44
What are the 2 types of intestinal TB?
Primary
| Secondary
45
What is the type of the primary intestinal TB?
Childhood
46
What causes the primary intestinal TB?
Ingestion
47
What is ingested, causing primary intestinal TB?
TB bacteria
48
What is this TB bacteria of?
Bovine
49
Where is this bovine TB bacteria found in?
Milk
50
What is formed in the primary intestinal TB?
Primary intestinal complex
51
What is this primary intestinal complex formed of? (3 points)
Intestinal parenchymatous lesion
TB Lymphangitis
TB Lymphadenitis
52
What occurs in this intestinal parenchymatous lesion?
Engulfment
53
What is engulfed?
TB bacteria
54
What is this TB bacteria engulfed by?
Macrophage
55
What are these macrophages of?
Peyer's patches
56
What is this engulfment followed by?
Tubercle formation
57
What does this tubercle formation undergo?
Ulceration
58
What occurs in the TB Lymphadenitis?
Tabes mesenterica
59
What is affected in Tabes mesenterica?
Mesenteric LNs
60
How are the Mesenteric LNs affected in Tabes mesenterica?
Enlarged
61
What then happens to the Mesenteric LNs?
Fuse together
62
Describe the fusion of the Mesenteric LNs
Matted
63
What causes these Mesenteric LNs fuse together?
Peri-lymphadenitis
64
What is the good fate of the primary intestinal TB?
Healing
65
What is the bad fate of the primary intestinal TB?
Spread
66
How many types in which the primary intestinal TB spread by?
3
67
What are the 3 types in which the primary intestinal TB spread by?
Local
Lymphatic
Blood
68
How many local sites does the primary intestinal TB spread to?
2
69
What are the 2 local sites in which the primary intestinal TB spread to?
Peritoneum
| Fallopian tube
70
What is the lymphatic site in which the primary intestinal TB spread to?
Other LNs
71
What is an example of the blood spread of the primary intestinal TB spread to?
Miliary TB
72
What are another sites in which the primary intestinal TB spread to?
Natural passages
73
What causes secondary intestinal TB?
Swallowing of sputum
74
Which patients get secondary intestinal TB due to swallowing of sputum?
Those with pulmonary TB
75
Where does the secondary intestinal TB start in?
Peyer's patches
76
What does the secondary intestinal TB start in the Peyer's patches as?
TB reaction
77
What occurs in this TB reaction?
Destruction
78
What does this TB reaction destroy? (2 points)
Submucosa
| Mucosa
79
What is formed as a result of this destruction?
Ulcer
80
Where is this ulcer?
Parallel to the long axis of the intestine
81
What does this ulcer later take the shape of?
Peyer's patches
82
What does this ulcer do so that it takes the shape of the Peyer's patches later?
Extension
83
Where does this ulcer extend in?
Lymphatic vessels
84
What shape does this ulcer take when it extends in the lymphatic vessels?
Girdle
85
What does this ulcer do so that it takes the shape of the girdle?
Encircles the bowl
86
Describe the axis of this ulcer that encircles the bowl
Perpendicular
87
What is the axis of this ulcer perpendicular to?
The axis of the intestine
88
Describe the ulcer which its axis perpendicular to the axis of the intestine
Transverse
89
Describe the margin of this ulcer
Cyanotic
90
Describe the shape of the margin of this ulcer
Irregular
91
Describe the edge of this ulcer
Undermined
92
Describe the floor of this ulcer
Caseous
93
Describe the color of the floor of this ulcer
Yellow
94
Describe the base of this ulcer
Indurated
95
What does the peritoneal covering of this ulcer show?
Multiple tubercles
96
What is not affected in this ulcer?
LN
97
What is seen in this ulcer under the microscope?
Tubercles
98
What are the 6 complications of the intestinal TB?
```
Hemorrhage
Intestinal obstruction
Fecal fistula
Perforation
Spread
Amyloidosis
```
99
What are the 2 sites in which the intestinal TB can spread to?
Peritoneum
| Fallopian tubes
100
What is the TB Lymphadenitis a common cause of?
Lymphadenopathy
101
Where does the Lymphadenopathy occur in?
Children
102
What is the TB Lymphadenitis a part of, which is considered as a mode of infection?
Primary complex
103
What is a type of spread which is considered as a mode of infection?
Lymphatic
104
Describe another spread which is considered as a mode of infection
Hematogenous
105
Describe the prevalence of this hematogenous spread
Rare
106
Describe the LN in TB Lymphadenitis
Enlarged
107
Describe the LN when touched in TB Lymphadenitis
Soft
108
What is shown in the LN in the cut section?
Caseous material
109
What could happen to this caseation?
Liquefaction
110
What is liquefaction done by?
Enzymes
111
What are these enzymes of?
Polymorphs
112
What may this caseation open on?
Skin
113
What could this caseation open on the skin by?
Sinus
114
What would then happen to the caseous material?
Discharged
115
What is this caseation ,which is liquefied by the enzymes of polymorphs and may open on the skin by a sinus, known as?
Cold abscess
116
Describe the color of this caseous material
Creamy
117
What feature of the LN is affected in TB Lymphadenitis?
Capsule
118
What happens to the LNs due to its affected capsule?
Fusion
119
Describe this fusion
Matting
120
Describe the 2 forms of TB Lymphadenitis seen under the microscope
Non caseating
| Caseating
121
What are non caseating in TB Lymphadenitis?
Multiple tubercles
122
Where are these multiple non caseating tubercles positioned at?
Periphery
123
Where do these multiple non caseating tubercles go then?
Centrally
124
What are these multiple non caseating tubercles separated by?
Rim
125
Describe this rim
Thin
126
What is this thin rim of?
Nodal tissue
127
Where does the caseating start in caseating TB Lymphadenitis?
Tubercles
128
What happens to the tubercles in caseating TB Lymphadenitis?
Fuse together
129
What happens when these tubercles fuse together?
Replace the whole LN
130
What are the 4 complications of TB Lymphadenitis?
Spread
Rapture
Sinus formation
Secondary amyloidosis
131
What is the TB of bone known as?
TB osteomyelitis
132
Describe the disease of TB osteomyelitis
Destructive
133
What is difficult to do with TB osteomyelitis?
Control
134
What are the 2 sites affected by TB osteomyelitis?
Spine
| 2 Joints
135
Which 2 vertebrae are especially affected by TB osteomyelitis?
Thoracic
| Lumber
136
Which 2 joints are affected by TB osteomyelitis?
Knee
| Hip
137
What is the most common site of TB of bone?
TB of vertebrae
138
What is the TB of vertebrae known as?
Pott's disease
139
What does the TB of vertebrae produce?
Destruction
140
What are destructed in the TB of vertebrae?
| 2 points
Vertebral bodies
| Intervertebral discs
141
What are the 4 complications of TB of vertebrae?
Deformity
Cold abscess
Secondary amyloidosis
Paraplegia
142
What are these 2 deformities?
Kyphosis
| Scoliosis
143
What happens to the bone in the cold abscess?
Destruction
144
Describe this destruction (2 points)
Extensive
| Caseous
145
What is formed as a result of this destruction?
Tuberculous pus
146
Where could this tuberculous pus track to?
Surface
147
What are the 2 sites of cold abscess?
Posterior mediastinal
| Inguinal region
148
What the abscess in the inguinal region known as?
Psoas
149
What causes secondary amyloidosis?
Chronic tissue destruction
150
What is the percentage range of cases which have paraplegia due to TB of vertebrae?
10-25%
151
What causes this paraplegia? (2 points)
Compression
| Cold abscess
152
What causes this compression?
Collapsed vertebrae
153
Which site of cold abscess causes paraplegia?
Extra dural
154
What does the TB of male genital tract mostly come from?
Spread
155
Describe the spread that the TB of male genital tract mostly come from
Hematogenous
156
Where is this hematogenous spread from?
Pulmonary lesion
157
What is mainly affected in the TB of male genital tract?
Globus minor
158
What is this globus minor of?
Epididymis
159
What could happen to the globus minor of the epidydymis?
Ulceration
160
What could the globus minor of the epididymis open as if it ulcerates?
Posterior sinus
161
What may then be affected?
Testis
162
Which 2 tuberculosis are a less common cause of TB of male genital tract when spread?
Renal
| Urinary tract
163
What are affected in the TB of male genital tract in this case?
(2 points)
Prostate
| Seminal vesicles
164
Which tuberculosis is the most affected in the TB of the female genital tract?
Salpingitis
165
What does the infection of TB salpingitis in the female genital tract mostly come from?
Spread
166
Describe the spread that the infection of the TB salpingitis in the female genital tract mostly come from
Hematogenous
167
Where is this hematogenous spread from?
Pulmonary lesion
168
What does the TB salpingitis in the female genital tract cause?
Infertility
169
Describe the TB in the area, which causes this infertility
Prevalent
170
What does the Renal TB come from?
Spread
171
Describe the spread that the renal TB come from
Hematogenous
172
The renal TB comes from hematogenous spread in which type of TB?
Secondary
173
What does the renal TB ascends from?
Urinary bladder
174
What does the renal TB result in? (3 points)
TB pyelonephritis
Miliary TB
Tuberculoma
175
Describe the kidney in TB pyelonephritis
Surgical
176
Describe the affection that occurs in TB pyelonephritis (2 points)
Unilateral
| Bilateral
177
Describe the onset of the TB pyelonephritis infection
Renal
178
What then happens to this infection by time?
| 2 points
Enlarges
| Ruptures
179
What does this infection rupture into?
Pelvicalyceal system
180
What does this lead to? (4 points)
TB urethritis
Cystitis
Prostatitis
Epididymo-orchitis
181
What are scattered in the miliary TB of kidney?
Tuberculous granulomas
182
Describe the size of these tuberculous granulomas
Small
183
Describe the number of these small tuberculous granulomas
Very large
184
Where are these small tuberculous granulomas scattered throughout?
Both kidneys
185
What does the infection of the CNS TB come from?
Spread
186
Describe the spread that the infection of the CNS TB come from
Hematogenous
187
Where is this hematogenous spread from?
Pulmonary lesion
188
What are the 2 patterns of CNS affection?2
TB meningitis
| Tuberculoma
