Outline II: Middle Ages Flashcards

1
Q

Comprises today’s Western Europe countries (Italy, Spain, Britain, France, Germany)

A

Christian Europe

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2
Q

Date of the Medieval Ages (Dark Ages)

A

A.D. 476 - c. 1350

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3
Q

High level of technological achievement of the classical times was eroded by the destruction of libraries and classics; Christianity was the common religious belief; reverted to the provincialism of pre-Roman times ; majority of creative effort was directed toward defensive or religious objectives

A

Christian Europe - Medieval Period

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4
Q

Open space, usually near center with church or cathedral, town hall, and central public water well; irregular in configuration; often no streets passed straight through; public gathering space of citizenry

A

Square, Piazza, or Plaza

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5
Q

Example of a Monastery

A

St. Paul’s Outside-the-Walls, Rome (5th century)

St. Gall, Switzerland, A.D. 830

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6
Q

Example of a piazza

A

Piazza del Popolo, Todi, Italy
piazza della Signoria, Florence
piazza del Campo, Siena
Piazza San Marco, Venice

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7
Q

Design expressions of the Medieval Period (3 Key Points)

A

Monasteries
Walled Towns
Castle Gardens

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8
Q

The date that marks the beginning of the Mohammedan era

A

622 A.D.

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9
Q

Duration of the Islamic Spain

A

Eighth to fifteenth centuries A.D.

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10
Q

Similar to Moslem Middle East; extremely hot and dry with rugged and inarable landscape

A

Moorish Spain

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11
Q

The origin of the Islamic (Moorish) Spain in the early seventh century

A

Mecca (Saudi Arabia)

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12
Q

Forbid animal portrayal or animal or human forms, hence the development of elaborate geometric decorative embellishment for buildings and gardens

A

Islamic (Moorish) Spain

Other answer for another period: Persia

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13
Q

Belief in scientific evidence rather than miracles; paradise gardens created to prepare one for afterlife in heaven

A

Islamic Spain

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14
Q

Design expression of Islamic (Moorish) Spain (2 Key Points)

A

Religious Courtyard

Palace Courtyard

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15
Q

A place of spiritual preparation prior to entering house of worship

A

Religious Courtyard (Mosque)

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16
Q

An expression of “paradise”; idealized universe with four rivers of heaven; with elaborate geometric decorative architectural wall; has sequence of small cool interior chambers; where the King or sultan is carried as if on flying carpet; include central water feature and use of colorful glazed tiles

A

Palace Courtyards

17
Q

Example of a palace courtyard

A

Canal Garden, Generalife, Granada, 1275
Palace of the Alcazar, Seville, 1364
Court of the Myrtles, Palace of the Alhambra, Granada, 1350
Court of the Lions, Palace of the Alhambra, Granada, 1375

18
Q

Example of a religious courtyard

A

Court of the Oranges, Cordoba, c. A.D. 750-987

19
Q

Describe Monasteries (3 Key Points)

A

Autonomous or semi-self sufficient
Orderly arrangement of facilities
Central open space (cloister) as focus of monastery complex