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Pharmacology II > P17 - Anticancer > Flashcards

P17 - Anticancer Flashcards

1
Q

cytotoxic drugs MOA

A
  • prevent replication
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2
Q

classes of cytotoxic drugs (4)

A
  • alkylating agents
  • antimetabolites
  • cytotoxic antibiotics
  • plant derivatives
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3
Q

alkylating agents MOA

A
  • form covalent bonds that cross-link DNA impeding replication
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4
Q

alkylating agents side effects

A
  • alopecia
  • bone marrow depletion
  • leukopenia
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5
Q

platinum analogues drugs (part of alkylating agents) (3)

A
  • cisplatin
  • carboplatin
  • oxaliplaton
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6
Q

alkylating agent drugs (7)

A
  • cyclophosphamide
  • melphalan
  • chlorambucil
  • ifosfamide
  • busulfan
  • dacarbazine
  • lomustine
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7
Q

alkylating agent with lowest chance of toxicity

A
  • chlorambucil
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8
Q

alkylating agent that is most potent

A
  • ifosfamide
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9
Q

which platinum analogue is a safe alternative for cats

A
  • carboplatin
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10
Q

antimetabolites MOA

A
  • inhibit production of nucleic acid and proteins for cell division
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11
Q

antimetabolites side effects

A
  • GI

- bone marrow

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12
Q

antimetabolites drugs (2)

A
  • methotrexate

- 5-fluorouracil

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13
Q

is inhibition reversible in antimetabolites

A
  • yes
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14
Q

antimetabolite that is not for cats and can cross the BBB

A
  • 5-fluorouracil
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15
Q

cytotoxic antibiotics MOA

A
  • binds to DNA and breaks it
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16
Q

cytotoxic antibiotics side effects

A
  • necrosis if given outside vein
  • bone marrow
  • GI
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17
Q

cytotoxic antibiotics drugs (8)

A
  • actinomycin D
  • dactinomycin
  • antracyclines (doxorubicin)
  • epirubicin
  • danunorubicin
  • idarubicin
  • mitoantrone
  • bleomycin
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18
Q

cytotoxic antibiotic that causes nephrotoxicity in cats

A
  • antracyclines (doxorubicin)
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19
Q

cytotoxic antibiotic that has no cardiotoxicity

A
  • epirubicin
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20
Q

cytotoxic drug that has 25% refractory malignant lymphoma -> remission

A
  • mitoxantrone
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21
Q

plant derivatives MOA

A
  • act on microtubules
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22
Q

plant derivatives side effects

A
  • GI
  • less bone marrow
  • anaphylactic reactions
23
Q

plant derivatives drug categories (2)

A
  • vinca alkaloids

- taxanes

24
Q

vinca alkaloids drugs (2)

A
  • vincristine

- vinblastine

25
vinca alkaloid are used for what
- TVT
26
taxanes drugs (2)
- paclitaxel | - docetaxel
27
what should you use to pretreat when using taxanes
- glucocorticoids or antihistamines
28
L-asparaginase MOA
- inhibits protein synthesis
29
L-asparaginase side effects
- hypersensitivity | - pancreatitis
30
what can some tumors produce, making this drug not useful
- L-asparaginase
31
immune therapies MOA
- directly acting on cell or against microenvironment
32
classes of immune therapies (5)
- monoclonal antibodies - transfer of T-cells - therapeutic vac. - cytokine therapies - modulation of immune signaling
33
monoclonal antibodies MOA
- protein kinase inhibitors
34
monoclonal antibodies drugs (end in...)
- end in (-mab)
35
majority of monoclonal antibodies receptors require _____ of intracellular signaling
- phosphorylation
36
tyrosine kinase inhibitors MOA
- block kinase receptor in cell
37
tyrosine kinase drugs (end in...)
- end in (-nib)
38
do monoclonal antibodies or tyrosine kinase drugs work better
- tyrosine kinase
39
modulation of immune signaling by 2 things
- bacilli calmetter guerin (BCG) | - imiquimod
40
bacilli calmetter guerin (BCG) MOA
- stimulating alveolar macrophages and promote lymphocyte cytotoxicity
41
bacilli calmetter guerin (BCG) side effects
- granulomas | - anaphylaxis
42
imiquimod MOA
- immune response around tumor
43
imiquimod regulated by what toll-like receptor
- TLR-7
44
selective inhibitors of nuclear transport MOA
- makes cell function normally -> apoptosis
45
selective inhibitors of nuclear transport drugs (2)
- selinexor | - verdinexor
46
selective inhibitors of nuclear transport inhibit what
- XPO-1
47
heat shock proteins are also known as
- chaperoins
48
heat shock proteins MOA
- inhibit HSP 90 -> stop tumor growth
49
heat shock proteins drugs (1)
- ganetespib
50
steroid hormones and antagonists categories (4)
- glucocorticoids - anti-androgens - anti-estrogens - anti-prostagens
51
which steroid hormones and antagonist manage secondary complications
- glucocorticoids
52
which steroid hormones and antagonist is used for perinanal gland tumors
- anti-andogrens (Delmadinone)
53
which steroid hormones and antagonist is used for mammary carcinomas
- anti-estrogens (tamoxifen)
54
which steroid hormones and antagonist is used for mammary tumors
- anti-prostagens

Pharmacology II (13 decks)

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