Packet 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is differentiation?

A

Differentiation

Cells develop specialized structures/functions

Changing / Specializing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Continued protein and RNA synthesis.

a. ) S
b. ) M
c. ) G0
d. ) G1
e. ) G2

A

e.) G2

Continued protein and RNA synthesis

G1 → S → G2 → M → G0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is proliferation?

A

Proliferation

of cells actively dividing = # dying

increasing in #

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

One allele in the pair may be more likely to be expressed (dominant vs recessive). When the alleles are different they are ______.

a. ) homozygous
b. ) heterozygous
c. ) recessive traits
d. ) dominant traits

A

b.) heterozygous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cell division/mitosis occurs.

a. ) S
b. ) M
c. ) G0
d. ) G1
e. ) G2

A

b.) M

Cell division/mitosis occurs.

G1 → S → G2 → M → G0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Degree of Differentiation

Can be triggered to produce progenitor cells when needed; some types can produce more than 1 type of cell.

a. ) highly differentiated cell types
b. ) parent/progenitor cells
c. ) undifferentiated stem cells

A

c.) undifferentiated stem cells

Can be triggered to produce progenitor cells when needed; some types can produce more than 1 type of cell.

Differentiation = genetics (usually)

Progenitor cells = parent cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

One allele in the pair may be more likely to be expressed (dominant vs recessive). When both of the alleles are the same, they are ______.

a. ) homozygous
b. ) heterozygous
c. ) recessive traits
d. ) dominant traits

A

a.) homozygous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Abnormal proliferation and differentiation.

a. ) Malignant
b. ) Benign neoplasms
c. ) Differentiation
d. ) Proliferation

A

a.) Malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

______ is an example of a single-gene disorder.

a. ) Hemophilia A
b. ) Marfan syndrome
c. ) Sickle cell anemia
d. ) Trisomy 21

A

a.) Hemophilia A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Preparing to divide; protein, RNA, and organelle synthesis.

a. ) S
b. ) M
c. ) G0
d. ) G1
e. ) G2

A

d.) G1

Preparing to divide;

protein, RNA, and organelle synthesis

G1 → S → G2 → M → G0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cells develop specialized structures/functions.

a. ) Malignant
b. ) Benign neoplasms
c. ) Differentiation
d. ) Proliferation

A

d.) Proliferation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

One allele in the pair may be more likely to be expressed (dominant vs recessive). ______ are expressed in either a homozygous or heterozygous pairing.

a. ) recessive traits
b. ) dominant traits

A

b.) dominant traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Number of cells actively dividing equals number of cells dying.

a. ) Malignant
b. ) Benign neoplasms
c. ) Differentiation
d. ) Proliferation

A

d.) Proliferation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the order of the cell cycle?

A

G1 → S → G2 → M → G0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

One allele in the pair may be more likely to be expressed (dominant vs recessive). ______ are expressed only in homozygous pairings.

a. ) recessive traits
b. ) dominant traits

A

a.) recessive traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If a person is ______, the recessive trait is not manifested, but the person is a carrier.

A

heterozygous

17
Q

Synthesis phase. DNA synthesis occurs resulting in 2 separate sets of chromosomes made (46 in each set), one for each daughter cell.

a. ) S
b. ) M
c. ) G0
d. ) G1
e. ) G2

A

a.) S

Synthesis phase. DNA synthesis occurs resulting in 2 separate sets of chromosomes made (46 in each set), one for each daughter cell.

G1 → S → G2 → M → G0

18
Q

The zygote receives chromosomes from each parent cell to make a paired set → 2 genes for each trait, called ______.

A

alleles

19
Q

______ is an example of an autosomal recessive disorder.

a. ) Hemophilia A
b. ) Marfan syndrome
c. ) Sickle cell anemia
d. ) Trisomy 21

A

c.) Sickle cell anemia

20
Q

Degree of Differentiation

Able to reproduce, but usually limited to a single cell type.

a. ) highly differentiated cell types
b. ) parent/progenitor cells
c. ) undifferentiated stem cells

A

b.) parent/progenitor cells

Able to reproduce, but usually limited to a single cell type.

i.e. liver, skin

21
Q

Abnormal proliferation and normal differentiation. Not cancerous, grows by expansion, not spreading.

a. ) Malignant
b. ) Benign neoplasms
c. ) Differentiation
d. ) Proliferation

A

b.) Benign neoplasms

22
Q

______ is an example of an autosomal dominant disorder.

a. ) Hemophilia A
b. ) Marfan syndrome
c. ) Sickle cell anemia
d. ) Trisomy 21

A

b.) Marfan syndrome

23
Q

______ is is a chromosomal disorder,

a. ) Hemophilia A
b. ) Marfan syndrome
c. ) Sickle cell anemia
d. ) Trisomy 21

A

d.) Trisomy 21

24
Q

Degree of Differentiation

Limited ability to divide/reproduce.

a. ) highly differentiated cell types
b. ) parent/progenitor cells
c. ) undifferentiated stem cells

A

a.) highly differentiated cell types

Limited ability to divide/reproduce.

Most highly specialized cells are much less capable of replacing cells

25
Q

Resting phase.

a. ) S
b. ) M
c. ) G0
d. ) G1
e. ) G2

A

c.) G0

Resting phase.

G1 → S → G2 → M → G0