Paediatric Cardiac Arrest Flashcards
(17 cards)
Recite the Paediatric Cardiac Arrest CPG
What should you suspect if a patient is unconscious and not breathing normally with a traumatic mechanism?
Manage as per CPG P0201-2 Traumatic Cardiac Arrest.
CPG stands for Clinical Practice Guidelines, which provide protocols for managing traumatic cardiac arrest.
What basic airway and positioning steps are performed initially?
Airway manoeuvres and positioning, Shoulder padding, OPA/NPA insertion.
OPA: Oropharyngeal airway, NPA: Nasopharyngeal airway.
What ventilation method is used initially?
BVM ventilation.
BVM stands for Bag-Valve-Mask, a method for providing positive pressure ventilation.
What should be applied and assessed following airway management?
Defibrillation pads and a pulse check.
List the four criteria for determining if a patient remains unresponsive.
- Pulseless, Unsure of presence of a pulse,
- HR < 40 in a child (<12 years)
- HR < 60 in an infant
What does HP-CPR stand for and what are its priorities?
High Performance CPR.
- Prioritise airway and ventilation
- High-quality compressions / minimise interruptions
- Charge defib during compressions
- On-screen rhythm interpretation in manual mode
- Pulse checks only for potentially perfusing rhythms.
What is the shock dose for VF/pulseless VT in children?
4 J/kg (max 200 J).
What is done immediately after a shock?
Immediately recommence chest compressions.
What is the initial step in asystole or PEA management?
Disarm defibrillator and immediately recommence chest compressions.
What are the reversible causes of PEA to consider?
- Hypovolaemia
- Hypoxia
- Hyperkalaemia
- Hypothermia
- Anaphylaxis
- Asthma
- Upper airway obstruction
- Tension pneumothorax
- Pulmonary embolism
- Toxins
What is inserted to manage the airway in all cardiac arrest patients?
A supraglottic airway (SGA)
The SGA is crucial for providing ventilation when intubation is not feasible.
What is the ventilation rate for an adolescent (12–15 years) post-SGA insertion?
10 breaths per minute
This rate is adjusted based on the age and size of the patient.
What is the ventilation rate for a medium child (5–11 years) post-SGA insertion?
15 breaths per minute
Appropriate ventilation rates help ensure effective gas exchange.
What is the ventilation rate for a small child (1–4 years) post-SGA insertion?
20 breaths per minute
The increased rate reflects the higher metabolic demands of smaller children.
What is the ventilation rate for an infant (<1 year) post-SGA insertion?
25 breaths per minute
Infants require more frequent breaths due to their smaller lung capacity.
What monitoring and adjunct can be used through the SGA when time permits?
ETCO₂ and an orogastric (OG) tube
Monitoring ETCO₂ provides valuable feedback on ventilation effectiveness.
