PANCE Hematology 8/10/20 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 components of RBC

A

heme (fe)

globin

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2
Q

how is iron stored

A

ferritin

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3
Q

what is the feritin level with Fe deficiency anemia

A

decreased

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4
Q

what is the feritin level with anemia of chronic disease

A

increased

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5
Q

what are the two types of anemia

A

intrinsic (inherited)

extrinsic ( acquired)

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6
Q

what anemia: HgbS

A
  • sickle cell
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7
Q

what anemia: episidic anemia associated with sulfa drugs fava beans and infections

A

G6PD deficiency

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8
Q

what is coobs +

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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9
Q

what is the pentad with TTP

A
hemolytic anemia 
thrombocytopenia 
kidney damage 
neurologic 
fever
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10
Q

HUS triad

A
  • thrombocytopenia
  • hemolytic anemia
  • kidney damage
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11
Q

popcorn: rouleaux formation

A

multiple myeoloma

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12
Q

Popcorn: Howell Jolly bodies

A

sickle cell

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13
Q

popcorn anemia:

- target cells 2

A

sickle cell

thalassemia

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14
Q

popcorn anemia:

- spherocytes

A

heriditary spherocytosis

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15
Q

popcorn anemia

- hypersegmented neutrophils 2

A

B12

folate

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16
Q

popcorn Blood:

auer rods

A

AML

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17
Q

popcorn Blood:

reed sternberg

A

hodgkins lymphoma

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18
Q

what three things can cause anemia

A
  1. RBC loss
  2. RBC destruction
  3. Dec RBC production
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19
Q

what if there is anemia with decreased reticulocyte counts

A

that means the Bone marrow is not working well

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20
Q

what are the three microcytic anemia

A
  1. Fe deficincy
  2. lead
  3. thalassemia
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21
Q

what is the primary cause of normocytic anemia

A

anemia of chronic disease

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22
Q

what are the two macrocytic anemia

A

B12

Folate

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23
Q

what has neuro factors B 12 or folate

A

B 12

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24
Q

what do you have to look for when giving B12

A

hypokalemia

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25
Q

what is the + shillings test dx

A
  • pernicious anemia
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26
Q

ETOH causes what type of anemia

A

macrocytic

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27
Q

ringed sideroblast and basophilic stippling what anemia

A

Lead poisoning

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28
Q

what type of hemoblibin in a baby

A

F

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29
Q

Popcorn anemia: hair on end appearance X ray

A

Beta thalasemia

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30
Q

what is the mC cause of G6pD crisis

A

infections

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31
Q

what are the 2 tx for sickle cell crisis

A
  1. fluids

2. hydroxyuria

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32
Q

how do you tx autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A
  • steroids
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33
Q

what is the MCC of autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

SLE

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34
Q

adsams 13 is associated with what pathology

A

TTP

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35
Q

HUS is assocated with what infection

A
  • e coli

- or another gastritis such as shigella

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36
Q

how do you treat TTP 2

A

plasmapharesis

steroids

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37
Q

do you give HUS abx

A

no it will make them worse

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38
Q

what type of condition is TTP

A

autoimmune

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39
Q

How do you treat TTP and HUS

A

plasma phoresis

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40
Q

what causes DIC 3

A
  • gram - infections
  • malignancies
  • obstetric
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41
Q

how do you treat DIC

A

FFP

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42
Q

what causes the increased bleeding with ITP

A

idiopathic

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43
Q

isolated thrombocytopenia w/o splenomegaly

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia

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44
Q

what do kids have prior to ITP

A

viral infection

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45
Q

How is hemopehila A and B transfered

A

X linked recessive

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46
Q

what bleeding pathology can be treated with desmopressin (2)

A

hemophilla 8

WVD

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47
Q

what is the gold standard test for VWD

A

ristocetin

48
Q

what virus infection is associated with hogkins lymphma

A
  • EBV
49
Q

what is the clinical presentation for hogkins lymphoma

A

painless lympadenopathy

turns painful with ETOH

50
Q

“owl eye”

A

hogkins lymphoma

51
Q

what lymph nodes for hogkins lymphoma

A

cervical and supraclavicular

52
Q

what may you see on a chest CT with hogkins lymphoma

A

mediastinal lymphadenopathy

53
Q

what lymph nodes for non hodgkins lymphoma

A

peripherial

54
Q

Birket lymphoma is associated with what type of lymphoma

A

non hodgkins

55
Q

“stary night on blood smere”

A

Birket lymphoma

56
Q

How do you tx multiple myoloma

A

stem cell transplant

57
Q

“M spike”

“bence jones protein”

A

multiple myoloma

58
Q

what is the most common leukemia in adults

A

CLL

59
Q

what are the three myeloid cells

A
  • RBC
  • WBC
  • platelets
60
Q

what condition is an increase in all three myeloid cells

A

polycythemia vera

61
Q

puritis after a hot bath

A

PV

62
Q

how do you tx PV

A
  • phlebotomy

- hydroxyurea

63
Q

increased hematocrit as a response to another process (COPD)

A

secondary erythrocytosis

64
Q

what are the three conditions that may cause you to clot more

A
  • factor V leiden mutation
  • protein C deficiency
  • antithrombin III dificiency
65
Q
  • blueberry muffin rash
  • hepato spleno megaly
  • hearing loss
  • mental retardation
A

toxoplasmosis

66
Q

what CD4 count for toxoplasmosis

A

100

67
Q

what is the tx for toxoplasmosis

A

sulfadiazadine + pyrimetherine

68
Q

MRI: ring enchnacing lesions

A

toxoplasmosis

69
Q

how do you tx enterobiasis (pin worm)

A
  • albendazole
70
Q

bite cells 2

A
  • thalasemia

- g6PD

71
Q

autoimmune distruction of the pariietal cells

A

PA

72
Q

Inc Homocystine

AND

Inc methocyctine

what anemia

A

B 12

73
Q

B9 what Vit

A

folate

74
Q

what thyroid disorder causes macrocytic anemia

A

hypothyroid

75
Q

pagopahgia is what

A

ice craving

76
Q

pagopahgia is what pathology

A

iron deficiency anemia

77
Q

what Vit Increases iron absorption

A

vit C

78
Q

anemia ?

abdominal pain
constipation
neurological symptoms

A

lead poisoning

79
Q

tx for thalasemia

A

blood transfusions

80
Q

what group is belta thal more common in 2

A
  • mediterranian

- Africans

81
Q

HEINZE BODIES 2

A

beta thalasmemia

G6PD

82
Q

what is the feritin with anemia of chronic disease

A

increased

83
Q

what type of disease is sickle cell
autosomal dominate
autosomal recessive

A

autosomal recessive

84
Q

aplastic crisis with sickle cell what virus

A

parvo B 19

85
Q

what population gets priapism

A

sickle cell

86
Q

coombs test differentiates how

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

hereditary spheroscytosis

87
Q

deep tissue bleeding

A

hemophilia B

88
Q

hemophilia B tx

A

factor 9 infusion

89
Q

“hemearthrosis”

A

hemophilia A

90
Q

bleeding after minor lacerations

A

von willebrabnd

91
Q

proonged PTT that corrects with mixing study

A

hemophilia B

92
Q

what medication do you wnat to avoid with VWB

A

aspirin

93
Q

what group gets alpha thal

A

asian

94
Q

how do you tx hereditary spherocytosis

A

splenectomy

95
Q

osmostic fraginity test

A

hereditary spherocytosis

96
Q

dark urine at night of first thing in the AM

A

nocturnal hemoglobinuria

97
Q

nocturnal hemoglobinuria test

A

flow cytometry

98
Q

what are the coas with TTP

A

normal

99
Q

what is increased with HUS

A

BUN/ CR

100
Q

how do you tx ITP in adults

A

steroids

101
Q

does ITP have splenomegaly

A

no

102
Q

what pathyway for hemopheilla 8

A

intrinsic

103
Q

what is prolonged with hemopheilla 8

A

PTT

104
Q

what pathology is PT and PTT prolonged

A

DIC

105
Q

how to tx waldenstrom macroglobulinemia 2

A
  • chemo

- plasmapheresis

106
Q

what pathology is a risk for ALL

A

downs

107
Q

what is the mC symptom of ALL

A

FEVER

108
Q

ALL TX

A

chemo

109
Q

smudge cells

A

CLL

110
Q

MC symptom of CLL

A

fatigue

111
Q

what is associated with teh jack 2

A

PV

112
Q

Bronze skin

A

hereditary hemachromatosis

113
Q

hereditary hemachromatosis dx

A

liver biopsy (hemosiderin)

114
Q

hereditary hemachromatosis tx

A

phelobotomy

115
Q

recurrent DVT and PE think what

A

hypercoag disorder