Path: Pulmonary Infection Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Path: Pulmonary Infection Deck (25)
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1
Q

What are the two patterns of consolidation and infection with bacterial pneumonia?

A
  1. Lobar

2. Lobular

2
Q

What are the 4 stages of the inflammatory response with lobar pneumonia?

A
  1. Congestion
  2. Red Hepatization
  3. Gray Hepatization
  4. Resolution
3
Q

Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia (CAP).

A

Strep pneumo

4
Q

Most common cause of acute exacerbation of COPD.

A

H. flu

5
Q

Second most common cause of acute exacerbation of COPD.

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

6
Q

Common cause of bacterial pneumonia in IV drug users.

A

Staph aureus

7
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in alcoholics.

A

Klebsiella

8
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in Cystic Fibrosis patients

A

Pseudomonas a.

9
Q

Most common cause of atypical pneumonia in college-age students and a test to confirm the Dx.

A

Mycoplasma p.

-Cold Aglutinin test

10
Q

Cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome.

A

SARS

-Coronavirus

11
Q

Major causes of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP).

A

Gram (-) rods

Staph aureus

12
Q

Who normally develops aspiration pneumonia?

A

Very debilitated patients

-ex. stroke patients

13
Q

How can you differentiate a lung abscess from a tumor on CT or CXR?

A

Abscesses will have an air-fluid level

14
Q

Type of pneumonia where most lung abscesses form.

A

Aspiration Pneumonia

-caused by gram (-) rods and S. aureus

15
Q

Only way to get rid of a lung abscess.

A

Surgery

16
Q

What type of pneumonia is found in immunocompetent patients?

A

Chronic Pneumonia

17
Q

Most common causes of chronic pneumonia and type of inflammation that occurs.

A

Bacteria and Fungi

-granulomatous inflammation

18
Q

Microbe that causes pneumonia found in bird or bat feces.

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

19
Q

Where does Histoplasma reside within the body?

A

Intracelluar

-inside host macrophages

20
Q

How do Histoplasma granulomas appear on microscopy?

A

Concentric Calcifications

“Tree Bark” appearance

21
Q

Broad-based-budding yeast.

Also something about boobs?

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

22
Q

How do Blastomyces granulomas appear on microscopy.

A

Caseating granulomas

-just like TB

23
Q

Spherules on microscopy.

A

Coccidiodes immitis

-they will be located inside macrophages or giant cells

24
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in IC patients when T cell counts are below 50cells/uL

A

CMV

MAC (Mycobacterium avium complex)

25
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in IC patients when T cell counts are below 200cells/uL

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci