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PATH4 Flashcards

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1
Q

chromosomes DEF

A

small bodies in the nucleus of a cell that carry the chemical instructions for reproduction of the cell in addition to other cellular functions

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2
Q

mitosis DEF

A

cellular division in somatic cell

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3
Q

mitosis stages

A 
PMAT
prophase
metaphase
anaphase 
telophase
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4
Q

meiosis DEF

A

2 step cellular division of the primitive germ cells. reduces number of chromosomes by HALF and matures germ cells

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5
Q

normal number of chromosomes

A

46

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6
Q

barr body DEF

A

inactivated chromosome

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7
Q

alterations in chromosome number

A

nondisjunction

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8
Q

euploid has how many chromosomes

A

92

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9
Q

polyploid has how many chromosomes

A

3 or 4 sets

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10
Q

aneuploid has how many chromosomes

A

any extra number if chromosomes that are not an exact multiple (downs)

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11
Q

what is the defect for klinefelter syndrome

A

too many Xs

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12
Q

penetrance DEF

A

NUMBER individuals affected

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13
Q

expressivity DEF

A

DEGREE imdivid is affected

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14
Q

both parents of the affected child must be carriers of trait risk is

A

25%

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15
Q

cyclic neutropenia action

A

21 to 27 days off with 2 to 3 on

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16
Q

cyclic neutropenia has a decrease of

A

neutrophils

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17
Q

cyclic neutropenia oral manifestations

A

severe ulcerative gingivitis, ulcerations on tongue and oral mucosa
swelling and bleeding gingiva

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18
Q

cherubim radiographic appearance

A

soap bubble

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19
Q

ellis-van reveled syndrome oral manifestation

A

fusion of ANT portion of MX gingiva from K9 to K9

hard for tooth eruption

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20
Q

cleidocranial dysplasia manifestations

A

fontanelles remain open and the cranium develops a mushroom shape

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21
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta manifestations

A

mutation affect collagen and fracture easily

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22
Q

maxillary exostosis occur mostly

A

MX buccal POS

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23
Q

cleft palate is what kind of gene

A

autosomal dominant

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24
Q

cleft palate inheritance pattern is

A

1 in 800

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25
type III is called
hypoclacified amelogenesis imperfecta
26
appearance to TYPE III hypoclacified amelogenesis imperfecta
snowcapped
27
dentin dysplasia type I is
radicular
28
cause of radicular/ type 1.
hertwids sheath disturbance
29
cherubism radiographic appearance
soap bubbles
30
cherubism clinical appearance
enlarged bilateral eyes are set apart swollen cheeks
31
advantages of insulin pump
insulin when they need it | monitors blood sugar levels
32
exostosis DEF
excessive bone
33
exostosis radiographic appearance
radiopaque
34
celiac DEF
gluten and wheat allergy
35
how to test for celiac
blood test
36
apromegly DEF
found in men
37
apromegly characteristics
giantism | MN and MX grow, teeth separates
38
pernicious anemia DEF
intrinsic factor deficiency
39
ameliogensis imperfecta; class 3
soft enamel
40
ameliogenesis imperfect class 3; soft enamel AKA
snow caps
41
type 1 diabetes DEF
insulin dependent
42
type 2 diabetes DEF
not insulin dependent
43
type 1 is found in what percentage of PTs
3-5% children/juvenile
44
type 2 is found in what percentage of PTs
95%
45
polydipsia DEF
excessive thirst
46
polyuria DEF
excessive urination
47
polyphagia DEF
excessive appetite
48
type 2 is usually associated with
obesity, poor diet
49
gestational diabetes
when pregnant
50
does gestational diabetes put the mother and children at risk for type 2 diabetes after pregnancy?
yes
51
drug that helps break down bones in MN
biphosphates
52
purpura DEF
reddish blue or purplish discoloration of skin or mucosa
53
leukemia DEF
increase of WBC
54
is leukemia malignant?
yes
55
treatment for VIT B12 deficiency/anemia
shot of VIT
56
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; 1
hypoplastic
57
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; hypo plastic def
abnormal enamel thickness
58
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; 2
hypo maturation
59
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; hypomaturation
normal thickness but poor calcified
60
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; 3
hypo calcified
61
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; hypo calcified def
snow capped/ soft enamel
62
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; 4
hypoplastic-hypomaturation
63
types of ameliogenesis imperfecta; hypo plastic- hypo maturation def
yellow and brown pitted enamel
64
characteristics of dentinogenesis imperfecta
``` no pulp chambers no root canals soft dentin chipping of enamel roots are short and thin ```
65
insulin is manufactured by
vagocells in the pancreas
66
cleidocranial dysplasia DEF
no clavicle
67
what causes polycythemia vera
increase in bone stem cells
68
sickle cell anemia DEF
inherited hemoglobin known by cell shape decreased OXY
69
more common in
black women
70
hyperthyroidism AKA
graves
71
which cause goiter
hyperthyroidism
72
common causes of hyper thy
thyroid hyperplasia tumors pituitary gland disease metastatic tumors
73
common causes for hypo thy
``` dev disturbances autoimmune/ hashimotos iodine def drugs tx for hyper ```
74
prothrombin time PT
11 - 16 seconds
75
bleeding time
1-6 minutes
76
aplastic anemia DEF
severe depression of bone marrow
77
oral manifestations of aplastic anemia
purpuric spots
78
hypohydroticectodermal 3
loss of hair
79
klinefelter syndrome DEF
too many Xs in males XXXY or XXXXY depressed/ sterile tall male
80
recessive happens in how much percentage
25%
81
dominant
50%
82
type A hemophilia
deficiency of plasma thromboplastinogen or factor VIII
83
leukopenia DEF
decrease in neutrophils
84
platelet count, concerning thrombocytopenia
less than 100,000

PATH (8 decks)

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