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PTHO > ✅Patho-Neoplasia > Flashcards

✅Patho-Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

Non neoplastic overgrowth of disorganized tissue indigenous to a particular site

A

Hamartoma

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2
Q

Non-neoplastic tissue in a foreign location

A

Choristoma

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3
Q

Syndrome with hamartomas

A

Peutz jeghers syndrome

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4
Q

Fibrous tissue formation in response to neoplasm

A

Desmoplasia

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5
Q

Mutations cause sustained activity of genes

A

Proto-oncogenes

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6
Q

Mutations cause unregulated cell proliferation

A

Tumor suppressor genes

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7
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

CML

A

Abl

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8
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

Burkitt’s lymphoma

A

C-myc

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9
Q

Follicular and undiferrentiated lymphomas

A

Bcl-2

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10
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

Breast, ovarian and gastric carcinomas

A

Erb-B2

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11
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

Colon carcinoma

A

ras

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12
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

Lung cancer

A

L-myc

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13
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

Neuroblastoma

A

N-myc

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14
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

MEN II and III

A

Ret

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15
Q

Name the protooncogene involved.

GIST

A

C-kit

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16
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

Retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

A

Rb 13q

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17
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

Breast and ovarian cancer

A

BRCA1 17 mq

BRCA2 13q

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18
Q

Most human cancers, li-fraumeni syndrome

A

P53

17p

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19
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

Melanoma

A

P16

9p

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20
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

Colorectal CA associated with FAP

A

APC 5q

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21
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

Wilm’s tumor

A

WT1

11p

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22
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

NF1 and NF2

A

NF1 17q

NF2 22q

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23
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

Pancreatic ca

A

DPC 18q

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24
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene and chromosome involved:

Colon cancer

A

DCC 18q

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25
Q

TNM staging is more for

A

Prognostication

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26
Q

Cancers in children

A

ALL
CNS
Burkitt’s lymphoma

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27
Q

Cancers in men

A

Prostate
Lung
Colorectal

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28
Q

Cancers in women

A

Breast
Lung
Colorectal

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29
Q

Cancers that cause the most mortality in men

A

Lung
Prostate
Colorectal

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30
Q

Cancers that cause the most mortality in women

A

Lung
Breast
Colorectal

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31
Q

Malignant tumors ending with “oma”

A

Hepatoma

Seminoma

32
Q

What are the malignancies associated wity tuberous sclerosis

A

Astrocytoma
Angiomyolipoma
Cardiac rhabdomyoma

33
Q

Malignancy associated with actinic keratoses

A

SCCA

34
Q

Malignancy assoc with plummer vinson syndrome

A

SCCA of the esophagus

35
Q

Malignancy associated with paget’s disease of the bone

A

Secondary osteosarcoma

Fibrosarcoma

36
Q

Malignancy asociated with immunodeficiency states

A

Malignant lymphoma

37
Q

Malignancy associated with autoimmune diseases

A

Lymphoma

38
Q

Malignancy assoc with acanthosis nigricans

A

Visceral malignancy

39
Q

Malignancy assoc with radiation exposure

A

Sarcoma

Papillary thyroid CA

40
Q

Most common cancers in China

Identify the cause.

A

Nasopharyngeal CA due to EBV

41
Q

Most common cancers in Japan

Identify the cause.

A

Gastric adenoca

Smoked food

42
Q

Most common cancers in SEA

Identify the cause.

A

HCCA

HBV and aflatoxin

43
Q

Aflatoxin is from

A

A. Flavus

44
Q

Most common cancers in Africa

Identify the cause.

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

EBV

45
Q

Cachexia in CA is due to

A

TNF alpha

46
Q

What are paraneoplastic syndromes

A

Distant effects of a tumor unrelated to metastasis

47
Q

Chemical carcinogens

Vinyl chloride

A

Liver abgiosarcoma

48
Q

Chemical carcinogens

CCl4

A

Centrilobular necrosis, fatty liver

49
Q

Chemical carcinogens

Nitrosamines

A

Esoohagus stomach CA

50
Q

Chemical carcinogens

A

Bronchogenic CA

Mesothelioma

51
Q

Chemical carcinogens

Arsenic

A

SCCA skin

Liver angiosarcoma

52
Q

Chemical carcinogens

Naphthalene (aniline) dyes

A

Transitional cell ca bladder

53
Q

Chemical carcinogens

Alkylating agents

A

Blood (leukemia)

54
Q

Associated cancer and infectious agent

Liver fluke

A

Cholangiocarcinoma

Chlonorchis sinensis
Opisthorchis viverrini

55
Q

Associated cancer and infectious agent

Peptic ulcer disease

A

Gastric adenoca
MALT lymphoma

H pylori

56
Q

Associated cancer and infectious agent

Chronic cystitis

A

Bladder SCCA

Schistosoma haemotobium

57
Q

What CA of the lung is notorious for endocrinopathies?

A

Small cell cA

Acth adh pthrp

58
Q

Name the clinical syndrome of the underlying cancer

Lung CA

A

Lanbert-eaton myasthenia

59
Q

Name the clinical syndrome of the underlying cancer

Visceral ca

A

Acanthosis nigricans

60
Q

Name the clinical syndrome of the underlying CA

Pancreatic CA

A

Trousseau syndrome

61
Q

Name the clinical syndrome of the underlying CA

Thymoma

A

Red cell aplasia

62
Q

Name the clinical syndrome of the underlying CA

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

Nephrotic syndrome

63
Q

Electrolyte abnormalities in tumor lysis syndrome

A

Hyperkalemia
Hyperuricemia
Hyperphosphatemia
HYPOCALCEMIA

64
Q

CA with brain mets

A 
Lung
Breast
Skin (melanoma)
Kidney (renal cell ca)
GI

Mnemonic: LOTS OF BAD STUFF KILL GLIA

65
Q

Liver metastasis occur in which CA

A 
Colon
Stomach
Pancreas
Breast
Lung

Cancer sometimes penetrate benign liver

66
Q

Bone mets in CA

A 
Prostate (blastic)
Thyroid (follicular)
Testes
Breast (both lytic and blastic)
Lung (lytic)
Kidney
67
Q

Tumor marker

Prostate CA

A

PSA

68
Q

Tumor marker

Hepatocellular CA

A

AFP

69
Q

Tumor marker

Colorectal CA
Pancreatic , GI, breast CA

A

CEA

70
Q

Tumor marker

Hydatidoform mole
ChorioCA
GEstational trophoblastic tumor

A

B HCG

71
Q

Tumor marker

Ovarian
Malignant epithelial CA

A

Ca-125

72
Q

Tumor marker

Mets to bone
Obstructive biliary disease
Pagets disease of the bone

A

Alk phos

73
Q

Tumor marker

Melanoma
Neural tumors
Astrocytomas

A

S-100

74
Q

Tumor marker

Neuroblastoma

A

Bombesin

75
Q

Tumor marker

Hairy cell leukemia

A

TRAP

76
Q

Tumor marker

Panc CA

A

CA 19-9

PTHO (34 decks)

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