Pathology Flashcards
(202 cards)
Dystrophic calcification occurs in ……tissues
Calcium level in dystrophic calcification is….
Dying tissues
Normal
What is red infarct? Where does it occur?
Venous occlusion seen in organ with dual blood supply
Gut
Mc type of necrosis
Features of irreversible injury (4)
Coagulative necrosis
- Flocculent,large amorphous densities in mitochondria —> increased mitochondrial permeability.
- Swelling and disruption of lysosomes and autolysis
- Nuclear degradation
- Plasma membrane damage
Features of apoptosis (3)
- Condensation of nuclear chromatin followed by fragmentation
- Formation of cytoplasmic/ membrane blebs
- Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells
Phagocytosis is inhibited by ….
Egs of autoimmune diseases (3)
Bcl2
- SLE
- Graves’ disease
- Myasthenia gravis
Gamma gandy bodies are seen in…..
Chronic venous congestion of spleen - sickle cell anemia
Leukotrienes which cause vasoconstrictions
LTB4 causes ….
LTC4,D4,E4
Adhesion of WBC
Prostaglandins inhibit…..in coagulation pathway
C5a is important in…..
Platelet aggregation
Chemotaxis
Wound contraction is mediated by …..
Epitheloid and multinucleated giant cells are derived from ….
Fibroblast
Monocyte-macrophages
ARDS/ diffuse alveolar damage is also known as….
Lines of Zahn are seen in ……
Shock lung
Thrombus
Chicken fat clot is ….
Procoagulant states (2)
Post mortem thrombus
- Protein C & S deficiency
- Factor 5/ Leiden mutation
Hyperviscosity seen in …(2)
Cryoglobinemia
Multiple myeloma
MHC is located on chromosome…..
Cells that are a part of innate immunity
6
NK cells
NK cells are expressed on …..
NK cells kills …..&…….cells
CD16,CD 56
Infected and cancer cells
Killing by NK cells is …..
MHC independent-not dependent on foreign Ag presentation
Translocations for burkitt lymphoma (2)
t(8:14), t(8:22)
Translocation for CML
Ewing sarcoma
t(9:22)
t(11:22)
Tumor marker for
1. Endodermal sinus tumor
2. Yolk sac tumor
- Pancreatic Neuroendocrine tumor
- Ca cervix
- AFP
- AFP
- Gastrin
- Keratin
Hypersensitivity reaction of PK/ prusnitz reaction
Casoni’s test
Type 1
Type 1
Hypersensitivity for schick’s test
Type 3- immune complex mediated
Egs of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions (5)
- ITP
- Immune haemolytic anemia
- Blood transfusion reaction
- Good pasteurs syndrome
- Graves’ disease (type 5)
Light microscopy of amyloidosis
Enlarged tubular basement membrane
Common types of amyloidosis (3)
Systemic
Localised
Hereditary
Types of systemic amyloidosis (3).
- Primary amyloidosis
- Secondary amyloidosis
- Dialysis related amyloidosis