Pathology

Question 1

functions of the skin

Answer 1

barrier
thermoregulation
fluid and electrolyte balance
endocrine (vitamin D)
protection from UV (melanin)
immunity
sensory functions

Question 2

define hyperkeratosis

Answer 2

increased thickness of the keratin layer

Question 3

parakeratosis

Answer 3

persistence of nuclei in the keratin layer

Question 4

acanthosis

Answer 4

increased thickness of the epithelium

Question 5

papillomatosis

Answer 5

irregular epithelial thickening

Question 6

spongiosis

Answer 6

oedema between skin layers/keratinocytes

Question 7

four classes of skin inflammatory diseases

Answer 7

1. spongiotic-intraepidermal oedema
2. psoriasiform-elongation of rete ridges
3. lichenoid-basal layer damage
4. vesiculobullous-blistering

Question 8

example of spongiotic-intraepidermal oedema

Answer 8

eczema

Question 9

example psoriasiform-elongation of rete ridges

Answer 9

psoriasis

Question 10

examples of lichenoid-basal layer damage

Answer 10

lichen planus

SLE

Question 11

examples of vesiculobullous-blistering

Answer 11

pemphigoid
pemphigus
dermatitis herpetiformis