Pathology of the Nervous System - Recognising the Abnormal Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

Prevalence of neurological disease - dogs, ruminants, rat

A
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2
Q

Brain at necroscopy - major anatomical changes and types of lesions (7)

A
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3
Q

Gross neurological specimen samples taken to be representative (6)

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4
Q

What stain is used for neuroanatomy?

A

Luxol fast blue - stains myelin (white matter)

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5
Q
A

Frontal lobe/basal nuclei

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6
Q
A

Thalamus

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7
Q
A

Midbrain

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8
Q
A

Pons

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9
Q
A

Brainstem/cerebellum

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10
Q
A

Brainstem

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11
Q
A

Spinal cord

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12
Q

How does lesion distribution affect clinical signs? (Lobes of brain and their func) (4)

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13
Q

Spinal cord anatomy (16)

A
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14
Q

Neuroanatomy - where do sensory and motor nerves enter and leave?

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15
Q

Symmetrical lesion (3)

A
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16
Q

Focal lesion (2)

17
Q

Multifocal lesion (2)

18
Q

Lesion in meninges

19
Q

Lesion in ventricles

20
Q

Difference between lesions in white and grey matter

21
Q

What is malacia? (3)

22
Q

CNS fibrosis (2)

23
Q

Describe the lesion

24
Q

Major lesion patterns (5)

25
Causes of traumatic brain injury (4)
26
Primary traumatic brain lesion (2)
* Mechanical disruption of tissue - penetrating wounds (compressed fracture of skull) * Haemorrhage and oedema (vasogenic) - brain swelling, confined -\> knock-on effects in tissues
27
Secondary traumatic brain injury lesion (2)
* Occurs within hours to days after injury, cascade of changes, frequently fatal * Haemorrhage and oedema (cytotoxic)
28
Effects of blunt force trauma to brain - coup and contre-coup lesions (4)
29
What is contusion? (4)
30
Effects of trauma - haemorrhage (4)
31
Effects of trauma - oedema
32
What are penetrating brain injuries caused by? (5)
33
What are the effects of penetrating brain juries? (5)
34
Accidental and pathological causes of traumatic spinal cord injuries. (9)
35
Trauma to the spinal cord - contusion (4)
36
Trauma to the spinal cord - compression (5)
37
Intervertebral disc disease - dogs, pathology, causes (6)
38
What is cervical stenotic myelopathy "Wobbler Syndrome"? (6)
39
Describe the lesion