STEEPLECHASE - Special Senses EAR Flashcards
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Otodectes cynotis
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Otodectes cynotis
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Demodex canis
4
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Demodex canis / cati
5
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Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis - mites found on deep skin scrapes - burrowing mite
6
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Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis - mites found on deep skin scrapes - burrowing mite
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8
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Foreign body
9
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Acute atopy
10
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Acute atopy
11
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Chronic atopy
12
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Chronic atopy
13
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Cutaneous adverse food reaction (CAFR)
14
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Contact hypersensitivity - erythema often seen dorsally and ventrally to external acoustic meatus (where medication is common in contact w/ skin of ear)
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16
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Keratinisation disorders - endocrine disease (hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, sex hormone dermatoses); sebaceous adenitis; primary idiopathic seborrhoea
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18
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19
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Feline ceruminous cystomatosis
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21
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Feline nasopharyngeal (inflammatory) polyp - non-neoplastic feline ear mass
22
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Feline nasopharyngeal (inflammatory) polyp - non-neoplastic feline ear mass
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Canine juvenile sterile granulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis (puppy strangles)
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Canine juvenile sterile granulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis (puppy strangles)
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Multifocal lesion of erythema, plaques + patches of alopecia due to dermatophytosis
33
Erythematous macules due to canine distemper virus
34
Aural haematoma - dog bites, pruritus, blunt trauma
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Aural haematoma
36
Squamous cell carcinoma - due to actinic dermatitis
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Bacterial cocci
38
Streptococcus spp.
39
Biofilm
40
Biofilm cytology
41
Malassezia dermatitis
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Roughened mucosa due to Malassezia dermatitis
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Progressive pathologic change
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Progressive pathologic change - epithelial folds = fibrosis + creates niche for microbes
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Progressive pathologic change
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Equine aural plaques (ear pinna papilloma) - perpetuating factor of otitis externa/media
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Normal hairy ear canal of labradoodle - confirmation predisposition to otitis
54
Aural haematoma - serosanguinous fluid formed haemorrhage distends the pinna and creates a cavity between the skin and cartilage of pinna
55
External ear
56
Ear canal - covered by squamous epithelium
57
Middle ear
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Give the (single word) morphologic diagnosis for this image of a dog. The radiograph is from the same animal. What is going on here?
Anotia - absence of an ear
60
Microtia - growth disorder, ear has not formed properly and is small compared to what would be considered normal for the individual/species
61
Polyotia - growth disorder, too many (poly-) ears/pinnae
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Tick infestation - covering pinnae of dog
63
Aural plaques/papillomas on ear of horse - also known as...
[Equine ear papillomas
Papillary acanthoma
Hyperplastic dermatitis of the ear
Ear fungus]
64
Aural haematoma
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Dermatophilus congolensis in a kid, bacterial infection (rain scald)
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Dermatophilus congolensis, 'rain scald'
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Squamous cell carcinoma + also has secondary pinnal necrosis as well as a consequence of neoplastic process
68
This image shows cells collected from an FNA in a cat's ear. What would your diagnosis be based on the morphology of the cells?
SCC - these cells are polygonal, closely associated with each other with a large cytoplasm. Some have large nuclei with prominent nucleoli. As a result, we can conclude they are a malignant population of epithelial cells; in this case SCC.
69
Mast cell tumour
70
Erythema - due to otitis externa
71
Bilateral suppurative otitis externa (Cow)
72
Aural inflammatory polyp
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Polyp
74
Aural melanoma
75
Canine leproid granuloma
76
Granulomatous response of canine leproid granuloma
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78
The morphological diagnosis for these two animals is dermal alopecia (multifocal to coalescing areas of dermatitis with some crusting and scaling). What is the likely cause?
Dermatophytosis
79
Dentigerous cyst / temporal odontomas in a horse
80
Fistulous tract of dentigerous cyst
81
Skin flaking and alopecia (likely secondary otitis externa) of dentigerous cyst
82
Alopecia and crusting (likely secondary) of dentigerous cyst
83
Swelling ('tumour') of dentigerous cyst
84
Morphological diagnosis
Proliferative necrotising otitis externa
85
Proliferative necrotising otitis externa
86
Feline ceruminous cystomatosis
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Cat's middle ear
Mammonongamus auris (ear-worm)
88
Aural necrosis
89
External ear - pinna
90
Middle ear
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Feline nasopharyngeal polyp - no drainage of eustachian tubes
96
Choroid plexus carcinoma - tumour originating from the fourth ventricle
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98
Lesions resulting in loss of inhibitory influence of cerebrum, cause paradoxical contralateral postural deficits, still a form of central vestibular diseases
99
Choroid plexus tumour w/ cyst associated
100
Bilateral vestibular disease - thiamine deficiency (vit B1, energy cofactor metabolism in brain)
101
Erythema of ear pinna in allergic dog
102
Severe exudative otitis externa
103
Ceruminous otitis, dog w/ hypothyroidism
104
Pemphigus foliaceus on pinna
105
Staphylococcal infection
106
Narrowing of external ear w/ early glandular hyperplasia
107
Ulcerated canal and ruptured tympanic mem in chronic case of Pseudomonas infection
108
Hairy ear canal - dog
109
Partial occlusion of canal by ceruminous gland adenoma
110
Ceruminous gland hyperplasia in chronic otitis
111
Severe ceruminous gland hyperplasia, not amendable w/ medical therapy
112
Infection in middle ear, can ascend through a ruptured tympanic membrane to perpetuate otitis externa
113
Many neutrophils w/ hypersegmented nuclei, phagocytosed bacteria with some neutrophils (cocci), sometimes in pairs + tetrads, possibly staphylococcus spp. but chain seen so could be Streptococcus spp.
114
Unipolar budding yeast, most common yeast in dogs = Malassezia pachydermatis, some are free and others are associated with keratinocytes
115
Small no. neutrophils w/ hypersegmented nuclei at the periphery, phagocytosis not seen, predominance of rod-shaped bacteria, could be Pseudomonas, Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella, some cocci present (top middle)
116
Mild erythema of pinna and ear canal entrance, dark brown coffee ground-like ceruminous discharge visible, white specks visible within cerumen, ear mites (Otodectes cynotis)
117
Purulent discharge present at external auditory meatus and horizontal canal, small ulcerations visible on the concave pinna (near external auditory meatus and horizontal canal)
Tumour present on the cranial lateral pinna covered in crust, doesn't appear to be occluding ear canal entrance
Cobblestone appearance to ear canal entrance, may represent ceruminous gland hyperplasia.
Tympanic mem - inflamed and abnormal, opaque and difficult to distinguish the pars tensa from pars intermedia
Head of malleus cannot be seen
Cytology - squames + numerous rod bacteria
118
Ceruminous otitis, ear canal is erythematous. oedema of ear canal and ceruminous gland hyperplasia (cobblestone appearance), ear canal very narrowed distally, making assessment of tympanic mem impossible
Cytology - numerous yeast likely to be Malassezia pachydermatis + squame (yeasts adhered to), further cytology of unstained wax to assess for Otodectes mites, cultures not necessary as yeast already identified + further investigations for cutaneous adverse food reaction if other evidence atopic disease
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Alopecic left pinna, hyperpigmented + linear ulceration covered w/ crust running from an eroded pinnal edge along medial pinna surface, right pinna eroded (more extensively than left), alopecia of right pinna mild + a lot of crusting but no ulceration visible, biopsy - CS/history suggestive of vasculitis/vasculopathy - alopecia and erosions along pinnal margin secondary to ischaemic damage to ear tip skin (lack of collateral blood supply)
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122
Identify the pars flaccida, why is the pars flaccida dilated?
Increased pressure in the middle ear can cause the pars flaccida to bulge into horizontal ear canal
123
Epithelial fold formation, stenosis, ceruminous gland hyperplasia, ulceration (bleeding)
124
Erythema and mild ulceration of horizontal canal, abnormal opaque tympanic mem, hole in tympanic mem is from myringotomy during ear flush procedure using ear canal
125
Opaque tympanic mem, erythema and ulceration, purulent discharge
126
Erythema, stenosis (unable to assess tympanic mem), ulceration, macerated epithelium (white areas), purulent discharge
127
Erythema, stenosis, ulceration, sebaceous gland hyperplasia (small white spots)
128
Severe stenosis
129
Ceruminolith
130
Brown ceruminous discharge, Malassezia pachydermatis
131
Purulent discharge, thicker on left than right, due to bacterial infection e.g. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Pseudomonas
132
Macerated epithelium
133
What is the predisposing factor present?
Hirsuitism - excessive hair present, miniature poodle
134
Cotton fibre from an ear bud
135
Why are there air bubbles seen at the bottom of the ear canal during the ear flush?
Tympanic membrane is ruptured and air from the middle ear is bubbling into the external ear canal
136
Very stenotic ear canal, 2mm diameter catheter
137
Flushing mucopurulent discharge from middle ear
138
Profuse slimy purulent discharge in dog's ear due to biofilm production
139
Gram-negative bacteria - pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, E. coli, Proteus
140
141
Glue ear / 1^y secretory otitis media, changes to tympanic mem, bulging + large, mucoid fluid accumulation within middle ear, loss of ability of eustachian tube to drain mucus -\> degree of hearing loss + balance issues
