Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Paramedic 02 > Pediatric Emergencies > Flashcards

Pediatric Emergencies Flashcards

(71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Birth to 2 months

A

Controls gaze

Turns head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2-6 months

A

Eye contact
Uses both hands
Rolls over
Sleep through night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

6-12 months

A

Sits without support
Crawls
Puts things in mouth
Teething begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Toddler

A

1 to 3 years

Use parent to do things to child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Toddler Development

A 
-Crawls/walks
Sensory developments
-Runs climbs
Balance
-Fine motor Skills
Toiler training
Draw a circle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Preschool Age

A

3 to 5 years
Can understand directions
4 years old develops 20/20 vision and has normal running or walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

School Age

A

6-12 years

Can communicate well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adolescence

A

13-17 years

Issues of independence and sexuality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Neck and Airway

A 
Short necks
Airway smaller
Epiglottis is LONG and floppy
Keep nares clear <6 months old
Neck very soft and collapsible, don't hyperextended neck
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Narrowest portion of child’s airways is____

A

Occurs at cricoid cartilage rather than vocal cords in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Respiratory System

A

Metabolic oxygen demand of child is doubled to adult

Children inhale toxins faster than adults and become symptomatic sooner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ventilating

A

Only enough air to see rise of the chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pediatric Resp Rates

A 
Neonate-1month: 30-60
Infant: 25-50
Toddler: 20-30
Preschool: 20-25
School: 15-20
Adolescent: 12-20
Adult: 12-20
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pediatric Pulse Rates

A 
Neonate-1month: 100-180
Infant: 100-160
Toddler: 90-150
Preschool: 80-140
School: 70-120
Adolescent: 60-100
Adult: 60-100
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Pulse can be 200 or more for compensation

Peds rely on heart rate for cardiac output rather than vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Blood Volume in Ped

A

Appx. 70ml/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hypovolemia in Ped

A

May lose a lot of blood before hypotension show

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Delayed Capillary Refill

A

Shunting of the vessels causing peripheral vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nervous System

A

Brain and spinal cord not very well protected
Less subarachnoid space causing less cushion for the brain
Easier to damage head and spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Suspect Shock in Ped

A

Tachycardia

Brady for hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Spinal column

A

Fulcrum of spine is closer to C1-C2 because head is heavier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Abdomen and Pelvis

A

Head 1st cause of injury, abdominal injuries second

Not as much protection with ribs and abdominal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Musculoskeletal

A

Fractures are easier due to lack of ossification centers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Chest and Lungs

A

Very thin chest wall
Ribs are more pliable and flexible
Easier to hear heart and lung sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Skin
Thinner more elastic skin More BSA ratio Temperature isn't regulated as well Increased risk of hypothermia and severe burns
26
Metabolic
Not much glycogen stores in liver of pediatrics | Cover head to manage heat loss
27
Pediatric Assessment Triangle
Work of breathing Circulation of skin Appearance
28
TICLS
Most important feature of child's appearance Tone: muscle tone, ridged or limp? Interact: alert? How easily distracted? Grasp or reach? Consolability: can be calmed by caregiver? Look: fixed gaze or glass stare Speech: strong cry? Age appropriate speech
29
Work of Breathing
Abnormal Airway Sounds: snoring, hoarse speech, strider, wheezing or grunting Abnormal Positioning: sniffing positions, tripod, refusing to lie down Retractions: superclavicular, intercostal, substernal retractions, head bobbing Flaring: flaring of nares on inspiration
30
Grunting
Indicative of partially closed epiglottis and moderate to severe hypoxia Seen with pnuemonia
31
Mottling
Reflects vasomotor instability in capillary beds seen by patchy areas of vasoconstriction and vasodilation
32
Acrocyanosis
Blue hands or feet in younger than two months
33
Pallor
Whit or pale skin of mucous membranes
34
Length Tape
Measures up to 75lbs or 34kg
35
Blood Pressure
``` 80+age(2) Minimal: Infant- >70 Toddler- >80 Preschool and School- >80 ```
36
Respiratory Emergencies
90% cause of cardiac arrest in Peds
37
Foreign Body Airways in Infant
Responsive: deliver 5 back blows and five chest thrusts Unresponsive: look in mouth, start CPR start with 30 or 15:2 if another person available
38
Foreign Body in Children
Responsive: abdominal thrusts Unresponsive: start CPR 30:2 unless another person available then do 15:2. THEN open airway and look in the mouth. Continue CPR and then laryngoscope
39
Anaphylaxis
Respiratory Distress and End Organ failure qualifies as Anaphylaxis Epinephrine ! .01mg/kg IM 1:1
40
Croup
``` Seal bark cough Viral infection of upper airway Treat with racemic Epi .5ml in 3ml Racemic- localized Epi- systemic ```
41
Epiglottitis
Do not work patient up. Stay calm and keep calm Don't look in mouth
42
Asthma
``` Bronchospasm Mucus production Inflammation Albuterol 2.5mg in 3ml Atrovent <22lbs= 250mcg >22lbs= 500mcg Corticosteroids Fluid! ```
43
Bronchitis
Racemic Epi or Albuterol
44
Cystic Fibrosis
Fluid lungs and GI tract
45
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Spectrum of lung conditions found in premature neonates who required long periods of high oxygen and ventilators support. May have home ventilators and oxygen May consider Atrovent
46
Airway Management
Use shoulder Roll for head tilt chin lift
47
Long Term ventilation
Intubate!
48
OPA
Same as adult
49
Bag Mask
Capnography saturation | 12-20 breaths/min
50
Oxygenation
Blow by technique for minimal oxygen needed
51
Intubation
Size: age+16 / 4 = size of tube 1month-adolescent = straight blade Adolescent to adult = straight or curved 2-3cm beyond vocal cords
52
Oro or Nasogastric Insertion
Need 30-60ml syringe Twice the size of ET tube 5mm et is 10FR Continuous stomach suction at 20-40mmHg
53
Congenital Heart Disease
Common heart defects
54
Cyanosis Disease
``` More serious HLHS hypoplastic Left heart syndrome ( does not distribute oxygen in heart ) - almost no left ventricle at all which mixes oxygenated and deoxygenated blood DO NOT FLOOD WITH OXYGEN 76-82% oxygen Tetralogy of Fallot ```
55
Noncyanotic Disease
Atrial Septal Defects | Ventricular Septal Defects
56
Congestive Heart Failure
Heart can no longer meet metabolic demands of the body
57
Myocarditis
Inflammation of heart muscle Can lead to heart failure Symptoms- dyspnea, exercise intolerance, syncope, or murmur
58
Cardiomyopathy
DCM- Dialate Cardiomyopathy: heart becomes weakened and enlarged making it less efficient in pumping HCM- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: thickened heart so heart has to pump harder
59
Seizures
Same as adult but most common is a febrile seizure
60
Febrile seizure
Occur in 25% of peds | Simple Febrile Seizures: brief generalized seizures, lasting less than 15 minutes
61
Complex Febrile Seizure
``` Longer, lasting more than 15 minutes FIX the FEVER !!!!!! Tylenol Acetaminophen is 15mg/kg Tylenol is 10mg/kg Fluids! BGL! ```
62
Meningitis
Gown up! Very deadly and contagious Unchallenged Ridgidity Purpuric and Patecial coloration of the skins. Patecial is small dots Symptoms- fever,
63
Biliary Atresia
Build up of bilirubin
64
Inussusception
6months-6years | Telescoping of intestine, small, into itself
65
Meckel Diverticulum
Malformation of small intestine
66
Pyloric Stenosis
Pylorics become hypertrophied and present with projectile vomiting
67
Hyperglycemia
Fluids and insulin
68
CAH Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Not enough cortisol
69
Panhypopituitarism
Inadequate production of pituitary hormones
70
Toxicological Emergencies
Call Posion control | 1800-222-1222
71
Antidotes
``` Carbon Monoxide: oxygen Organophosphate: atropine Tricyclics AntiDepressants: Bicarbonate Opiates: Naloxone Beta Blockers: Glucagon Ca channel blockers: calcium Benzodiazepines: Romazicon ```

Paramedic 02 (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions