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Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 > Pelvic Neurovasculature > Flashcards

Pelvic Neurovasculature Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal aorta

A

Splits along the coronal plane into R and L Common Iliac arteries

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2
Q

Left and Right Common Iliac arteries

A

Splits along the sagittal plane into external and internal iliac arteries

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3
Q

External Iliac artery

A

Exits the pelvis as the femoral artery inferior to the inguinal ligament
Travels alongside the external iliac vein
Gives off inferior epigastric artery

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4
Q

Internal Iliac artery

A

Supplies the pelvic organs and gluteal region

Has posterior and anterior branches

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5
Q

What are the branches of the posterior division Internal Iliac artery

A

Iliolumbar artery
Lateral Sacral artery
Superior Gluteal artery

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6
Q

Iliolumbar artery location

A

Between the iliac crest and L5

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7
Q

Iliolumbary artery supply

A

Medial ilium and L5

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8
Q

Lateral sacral artery location

A

Enters the ventral sacral foramina

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9
Q

Lateral sacral artery supply

A

Sacrum with ventral sacral nerves

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10
Q

Superior Gluteal artery location

A

Between L5 and S1

Enters the gluteal region superior to the piriformis

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11
Q

Superior Gluteal artery supply

A

Gluteus muscles with Superior Gluteal nerves

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12
Q

Inferior Gluteal artery location

A

Superior or inferior to S2 (varies) and inferior to piriformis muscle

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13
Q

Inferior Gluteal artery supply

A

Gluteal muscles with Infer Gluteal nerve

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14
Q

Internal Pudenal artery location

A

Runs with Pudenal nerve
Exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen
Enters the gluteal region inferomedially to piriformis
Crosses over the sacrospinous ligament, and re-enters the pelvis through the lesser sciatic formen

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15
Q

Internal Pudenal artery supply

A

Urogenital triangle and anal canal

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16
Q

Pudenal canal

A

Contains the internal pudenal artery and pudenal nerve in the back of the pelvis
Formed by fascia of obturator internis
Runs anteriorly along isciobuc ramus toward the UG triangle
Contents supply the UG triangle

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17
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of the Internal Iliac artery

A 
Obturatory artery
Umbilical artery
Middle Rectal artery
Uterine artery (f)
Vaginal artery (f) or Inferior Visceral artery (m)
Internal pudendal
Inferior gluteal
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18
Q

Umbilical artery location

A

Runs towards the abdominal wall and ends as the umbilical ligament

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19
Q

Umbilical artery supply

A

The bladder

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20
Q

Obturator artery location

A

Runs through the obturator canal

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21
Q

Obturator artery supply

A

Medial thigh with the obturator never

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22
Q

Uterine artery location

A

Runs toward the uterus/vagina
Anastamoses with the ovarian artery of the aorta
Females only

23
Q

Uterine artery supply

A

Uterus
Cervix
Superior vaginal canal

24
Q

Vaginal artery supply

A

Suplies the inferior vagina, adjacent bladder, and rectum

Females only

25
Q

Inferior Visceral artery supply

A

Supplies posterior inferior bladder, ureter, seminal vesicle, and prostate

26
Q

Middle Rectal artery location

A

The last branch of the anterior division of the Internal Iliac artery

27
Q

Middle Rectal artery supply

A

Rectum

28
Q

Corona mortis

A

“crown of death”
Anastomoses vessel between obturator artery and inferior epigastric artery
A rupture opens the internal and external iliac systems and causes death within minutes

29
Q

Venous drainage of the pelvis, perineum, and gluteal region

A

All veins in this region mirror the arteries and share the same names

30
Q

Pelvic venous plexus

A

Venous network surrounding the bladder, prostate/uterus, and rectum
Plexuses intercommunicate prior to forming veins
Valveless, so venous hypertension or transportation of tumor cells can occur

31
Q

What provides somatic innervation to the pelvis?

A

Sacral Plexus

32
Q

What provides autonomic innervation to the pelvis?

A

Autonomic plexus

33
Q

What are the divisions of the sacral plexus?

A 
L4-L5
S1
S2-S3
S2-S4
L4-S3
34
Q

L4-L5 division of the sacral plexus

A

Forms the lumbosacral trunk over the sacral ala

35
Q

S1 division of the sacral plexus

A

Emerges above the piriformis muscle

36
Q

S2-S3 division of the sacral plexus

A

Emerges through the piriformis muscle

37
Q

S2-S4 division of the sacral plexus

A

Contributes to the pudenal nerve

38
Q

L4-S3 division of the sacral plexus

A

Forms the sciatic and gluteal nerves

39
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the pelvis

A

T10-L2/3 = Thoracolumbar
Prevertebral plexus
Sympathetics from S2-S4 is the sacralsplanchnic nerve

40
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the pelvis

A

Craniosacral
S2-S4
Pelvic splanchnic nerve

41
Q

Superior Hypogastric Plexus

A

Mostly sympathetics fibers
Bundle of nerves from bifurcation of the aorta to the upper sacrum
Condenses to form 2 hypogastric nerves

42
Q

Hypogastric Nerve to Inferior Plexus

A

Mostly sympathetic fibers
Condensed bifurcated sup. hypogastric plexus
Diverge and curve outward bilaterally to rectum
Expands to form Inferior Hypogastric Plexus

43
Q

Inferior Hypogastric Plexus

A

Contains both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
Main autonomic plexus of the pelvis
Covers the pelvic viscera bilaterally

44
Q

Sympathetic Chains and Ganglia

A

In the thorax, the chains are lateral to vertebrae - they go more medially as the descend

45
Q

Pelvic sympathetic fibers

A

Chains medial to sacral foramen

Converge and terminate anterior to coccyx as ganglion impar

46
Q

Sacral splanchnic nerves

A

Sympathetic fibers off sympathetic chain

47
Q

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

A

Parasympathetic fibers off S2-S4

48
Q

Sacral and Pelvic splanchnic nerves

A

Both enter inferior hypogastric plexus

Fibers travel on arterial branches to pelvic organs

49
Q

What are consequences to damage of the pelvic splanchnic nerves

A

Splanchnic nerves are closely related to lateral rectum and uterus
Easily injured during rectal surgery or radical hysterectomy
Results in impaired bladder control or sexual function

50
Q

Where are lymphatic vessels and nodes for the pelvis located?

A

Along the Aorta, IVC, and iliac vessels

51
Q

How do lymphatics of the pelvis travel?

A

Superficial to deep, and then superiorly

  • as it does this, it passes through several nodes
  • if it below the umbilicus, it travels inferiorly to inguinal, then deep, then superiorly
52
Q

(T/F) Each organs has its own lymphatic drainage?

A

True

53
Q

What does the Right Lymphatic duct drain?

A

R head and neck
R upper limb
R thorax

54
Q

What does the Left Lymphatic duct drain?

A

L head and neck
L upper limb
Remainder of the thorax
Abdomen, pelvic, and both lower limbs

Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 (13 decks)

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