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Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 > Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen > Flashcards

Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Peritoneum

A

Thin, transluscent serous membrane

Vessels travel

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2
Q

Parietal Peritoneum

A

Lines the inner abdominal wall

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3
Q

Visceral Peritoneum

A

Lines the organs

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4
Q

What does Retroperitoneal mean?

A

Behind the peritoneum

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5
Q

Peritoneal sac

A

All visceral and parietal peritoneal membranes

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6
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

A potential space within the peritoneal sac

Contains a small amount of serous fluid to allow organs to move without friction

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7
Q

What medical complications can arise form the peritoneal cavity?

A

It can become an actual space that can contain up to several liters of fluid (ascites)
Any fluid that fills this space can herniate through the wall
Disease, injury, or infection can lead to the pooling of fluids

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8
Q

Greater Omentum

A

Peritoneal fold that attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon.
Drapes over the small intestines like an apron.
Functionally can all off infections and inflammation sites.
Results in the formation of adhesions to restrict movements

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9
Q

Lesser Omentum

A

Peritoneal fold that attaches to the lesser curvature of the stomach and connects it to the liver

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10
Q

What are the 2 portions of the lesser omentum

A

Hepatogastric ligament

Hepatoduodenal ligament

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11
Q

Hepatogastric ligament

A

Connects the stomach to the liver

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12
Q

Hepatoduodenal ligament

A

Connects the duodenum to the liver

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13
Q

Mesentary Proper

A

Anchors most of the small intestines to the posterior abdominal wall
Runs diagonally from the duodenal junction to the iliocecal junction

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14
Q

Mesocolon

A

Anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

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15
Q

Why don’t the ascending and descending colons have mesentary?

A

They are anchored directly to the posterior wall

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16
Q

Transverse mesoderm

A

Part of the mesocolon that anchors the transverse colon to the posterior wall

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17
Q

Sigmoid mesocolon

A

Part of the mesocolon that anchors the sigmoid colon to the posterior wall

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18
Q

Falciform ligament

A

Divides the liver into right and left lobes

Anchors the liver to the diaphragm and anterior body wall

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19
Q

Round ligament of the liver

A

Inferior border of the falciform ligament

Contains the obliterated umbilical vesicle

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20
Q

Coronary ligament

A

Reflections of the peritoneum around the bare area of the liver
Attach the liver of the inferior surface of the diaphargm

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21
Q

Suspensory Ligament of Treitz

A

Fibromuscular ligament descending from the right crus of the diaphragm
Crosses over the L crus and holds the distal duodenum in place
Prevents the duodenal junction from sagging

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22
Q

What are the 3 umbilical folds?

A

Median Umbilical fold
Medial Umbilical folds
Lateral Umbilical fodls

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23
Q

Median Umbilical fold

A

Goes from the urinary bladder to the umbilicus

Covers the median umbilical ligament

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24
Q

Medial Umbilical folds

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A

Covers the medial umbilical ligaments and arteries

25
Lateral Umbilical folds
Cover the inferior epigastric vessels
26
Peritoneal pouches
Potential peritoneal spaces in standing patients They become actual spaces in recumbent/reclined patients Pathological fluids can accumulate here
27
Hepatorenal pouch
Bound by the liver, right kidney, colon, and duodenum Lowest part of peritoneal cavity when recumbent Fluids can move down to retrovesicle/rectouterine pouch when reclining or standing up
28
Rectovesicle Pouch
Males only Another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent Fluids here may travel up to Hepatorenal pouch wheen in Trendelenberg position
29
Rectouterine Pouch
Females only Another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent Fluids here may travel up to Hepatorenal pouch wheen in Trendelenberg position
30
Liver function
Detoxifies chemical products and produces bile
31
Liver divisions
Visceral liver and Porta Hepatis | Diaphragmatic Liver
32
Porta Hepatis
On the visceral liver | Location of the portal triad
33
Portal Triad contents
Proper hepatic artery (Superficial medial) Hepatic portal vein (deep) Common bile duct (Superficial lateral
34
Visceral liver
Posterior portion of liver
35
Diaphragmatic Liver
Anterior portion of the liver
36
What are the lobes of the liver
Right (anterior) Left (anteiror) Caudate (posterior superior) Quadrate (posterior inferior)
37
Gallbladder
Stores bile for emulsification of fats Attached to the inferior surface of the liver Receives bile produced by the liver via bile ducts Has its own arterial supply
38
Pancreas
Consists of a head, neck, body, tail, and uncinate process Retroperitoneal Transverses across posterior abdominal wall Surrounded by duodenum on the right, and spleen on the left
39
Spleen
Lymphatic organ lateral to the stomach | Shaped like a ball of putty that was smashed
40
Hilium
Connective tissue in the middle of the spleen
41
R and L Hepatic duct
Receive bile from R and L lobes of the liver respectively. | Drain to the Common Hepatic duct
42
Common Hepatic duct
Collect bile from R and L Hepatic ducts | Drain bile to the Common Bile duct
43
Cytic duct
Can collect bile from gallbladder or Common Hepatic duct | Drains to either the gallbladder or the Common Bile Duct
44
Common Bile Duct
Collects bile from the Common Hepatic duct and Cystic duct | Joins the Main pancreatic duct and drains to the major duodenal papilla
45
Main pancreatic duct
Enters the duodenum with bile duct at major duodenal papilla
46
Accessory pancreatic duct
May enter the duodenum | If present, it is 2 cm superior to the major papilla
47
Celiac Trunk
1st major branch of the abdominal aorta | Supplies the liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, and spleen
48
What are the 3 main branches of the Celiac Trunk?
Common Hepatic Artery Left Gastric Artery Splenic Artery
49
Common Hepatic Artery
Right branch of Celiac Trunk Runs towards the liver and gallbladder Splits into the Proper Hepatic Artery and the Gastroduodenal artery
50
Proper Hepatic Artery
Superior branch of the Common Hepatic Artery Runs toward the liver medial to the bile duct Splits into the R and L Hepatic arteries
51
Gastroduodenal Artery
Inferior branch of Common Hepatic Artery Runs towards the lesser curvature of the stomach Sends Superior Panctreaticoduodenal arteries and R Gastroepiploic artery
52
Left Gastric Artery
Superior branch of Celiac Trunk Runs toward the lesser curvature of the stomach Supplies the stomach and esophagus via esophageal branches
53
Superior Pancreaticoduodenal artery
Branch of Gastroduodenal artery | Supplies the pancreas and duodenum
54
Right Gastroepiploic artery
Branch of Gastroduodenal artery | Supplies the greater curvature of the stomach
55
Splenic Artery
Left branch of the celiac trunk Runs towards the spleen Sends off Short Gastric artery and L Gastroepiploic artery
56
Short Gastric arteries
Branch of Splenic artery | Supplies the greater curvature of the stomach
57
Left Gastroepiplouc arteries
Branch of Splenic artery | Supplies the greater curvature of the stomach
58
Cystic artery
Arises form R hepatic artery 75% of time, it runs posterior to common hepatic duct 24% of time, it runs anterior to common hepatic duct 1% of time, it splits into to Supplies the gall bladder and cystic duct
59
Right Gastric Artery
Usually arises from proper hepatic artery However, it can arise from common hepatic or gastroduodenal arteries Anastamoses with L gastric arteries Supplies lesser curvature of teh stomach

Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 (13 decks)

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