Perineum Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the components of the uterus?
Cervix: inferior 1/3
Body: superior 2/3
Fundus: rounded superior part of the body of the uterus
Function of the Ovarian Ligament?
Ovarian Ligament: attaches ovary directly to uterus
Function of the Ovarian Ligament?
suspends ovary laterally to pelvic wall
What is the route of the ureter in men and women?
Men – ureter under vas deferens
Women – ureter under uterine artery
Arterial supply of the anal canal?
Arterial supply: superior rectal artery above pectinate line and inferior rectal artery below pectinate line
Venous drainage of the anal canal?
Venous drainage: superior rectal vein above pectinate line inferior rectal vein below pectinate line
Innervation of the anal canal?
autonomic = inferior hypogastric plexus
somatic= inferior rectal nerve
What is the central tendon?
Central tendon/perineal body: site of attachment for most of the small muscles in the perineum (DO NOT CUT HERE)
What are the layers of the urogenital diaphragm from inferior to superior?
The layers of the urogenital diaphragm are inferior fascia of the UG diaphragm, the UG diaphragm proper, and the superior fascia of the UG diaphragm
What muscles comprise the pelvic diaphragm?
The coccygeus muscle and levator ani muscles
What is the blood and nerve supply of the perineal muscles?
All of these muscles are innervated by the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve
and are supplied by the internal pudendal artery.
What are the 3 important tubes of the penis?
2 corpora cavernosa
1 corpus spongiosum (NOT in the female)
Both tubes are composed of erectile tissue (sinuses that arteries dump into)
The urethra runs through the ____________.
The urethra runs through the corpus spongiosum.
What are the borders of the perineum?
Anterior boundary: pubic arch
Lateral boundaries: ischial spine and ischial tuberosity
Posterior boundary: sacrum and coccyx
Roof: pelvic diaphragm
What is in the male perineal superficial pouch?
superficial perineal muscles (Ischiocavernosus, Bulbospongiosus, Superior Transverse perineal muscles)
the crura and bulb
some of the neuro-vasculature
What is in the Male “Perineal Membrane” of the UG Diaphragm?
Inferior fascia
Pierced by the urethra
What is in the Male Deep Pouch of the UG Diaphragm?
Deep transverse perineus muscle
Sphincter urethrae - controls the urethra
Cowper’s glands of the male
What is in the Male Superior Fascia of the UG Diaphragm?
Superior fascia
Urethra
What are the main differences in the male and female perineum?
In females: splitting of the bulb to form the vagina
In females: the greater vestibular glands are in the superficial pouch
In males: the Cowper’s glands are in the deep pouch
In males: there is a corpus spongiosum
What is in the female perineal superficial pouch?
superficial perineal muscles (Ischiocavernosus, Bulbospongiosus, Superior Transverse perineal muscles)
the crura and bulb
urethra
vagina
clitoris
some of the neuro-vasculature
What is in the female “Perineal Membrane” of the UG Diaphragm?
Inferior fascia
Pierced by the urethra and vagina
What is in the Male Deep Pouch of the UG Diaphragm?
Deep transverse perineus muscle
Sphincter urethra
Vagina
The ________ fascia is thicker than the ________ fascia of the UG diaphragm.
The inferior fascia is thicker than the superior fascia of the UG diaphragm.
What is the blood supply of the perineum?
Internal pudendal artery I Pee Pee But Don't Dump Inferior rectal Posterior scrotal (or labial) Perineal Bulb Deep artery of the penis or clitoris Dorsal artery of the penis or clitoris
