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SHB Exam 3 > Perineum > Flashcards

Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the uterus?

A

Cervix: inferior 1/3
Body: superior 2/3
Fundus: rounded superior part of the body of the uterus

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2
Q

Function of the Ovarian Ligament?

A

Ovarian Ligament: attaches ovary directly to uterus

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3
Q

Function of the Ovarian Ligament?

A

suspends ovary laterally to pelvic wall

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4
Q

What is the route of the ureter in men and women?

A

Men – ureter under vas deferens

Women – ureter under uterine artery

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5
Q

Arterial supply of the anal canal?

A

Arterial supply: superior rectal artery above pectinate line and inferior rectal artery below pectinate line

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6
Q

Venous drainage of the anal canal?

A

Venous drainage: superior rectal vein above pectinate line inferior rectal vein below pectinate line

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7
Q

Innervation of the anal canal?

A

autonomic = inferior hypogastric plexus

somatic= inferior rectal nerve

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8
Q

What is the central tendon?

A

Central tendon/perineal body: site of attachment for most of the small muscles in the perineum (DO NOT CUT HERE)

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9
Q

What are the layers of the urogenital diaphragm from inferior to superior?

A

The layers of the urogenital diaphragm are inferior fascia of the UG diaphragm, the UG diaphragm proper, and the superior fascia of the UG diaphragm

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10
Q

What muscles comprise the pelvic diaphragm?

A

The coccygeus muscle and levator ani muscles

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11
Q

What is the blood and nerve supply of the perineal muscles?

A

All of these muscles are innervated by the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve
and are supplied by the internal pudendal artery.

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12
Q

What are the 3 important tubes of the penis?

A

2 corpora cavernosa
1 corpus spongiosum (NOT in the female)

Both tubes are composed of erectile tissue (sinuses that arteries dump into)

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13
Q

The urethra runs through the ____________.

A

The urethra runs through the corpus spongiosum.

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14
Q

What are the borders of the perineum?

A

Anterior boundary: pubic arch

Lateral boundaries: ischial spine and ischial tuberosity

Posterior boundary: sacrum and coccyx

Roof: pelvic diaphragm

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15
Q

What is in the male perineal superficial pouch?

A

superficial perineal muscles (Ischiocavernosus, Bulbospongiosus, Superior Transverse perineal muscles)

the crura and bulb

some of the neuro-vasculature

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16
Q

What is in the Male “Perineal Membrane” of the UG Diaphragm?

A

Inferior fascia

Pierced by the urethra

17
Q

What is in the Male Deep Pouch of the UG Diaphragm?

A

Deep transverse perineus muscle

Sphincter urethrae - controls the urethra

Cowper’s glands of the male

18
Q

What is in the Male Superior Fascia of the UG Diaphragm?

A

Superior fascia

Urethra

19
Q

What are the main differences in the male and female perineum?

A

In females: splitting of the bulb to form the vagina

In females: the greater vestibular glands are in the superficial pouch

In males: the Cowper’s glands are in the deep pouch

In males: there is a corpus spongiosum

20
Q

What is in the female perineal superficial pouch?

A

superficial perineal muscles (Ischiocavernosus, Bulbospongiosus, Superior Transverse perineal muscles)

the crura and bulb

urethra

vagina

clitoris

some of the neuro-vasculature

21
Q

What is in the female “Perineal Membrane” of the UG Diaphragm?

A

Inferior fascia

Pierced by the urethra and vagina

22
Q

What is in the Male Deep Pouch of the UG Diaphragm?

A

Deep transverse perineus muscle
Sphincter urethra
Vagina

23
Q

The ________ fascia is thicker than the ________ fascia of the UG diaphragm.

A

The inferior fascia is thicker than the superior fascia of the UG diaphragm.

24
Q

What is the blood supply of the perineum?

A 
Internal pudendal artery 
I Pee Pee But Don't Dump
Inferior rectal
Posterior scrotal (or labial)
Perineal
Bulb
Deep artery of the penis or clitoris
Dorsal artery of the penis or clitoris
25
Q

What is the innnervation of the perineum?

A

Pudendal nerve enters the perineum and splits into the perineal, posterior scrotal or labial, inferior rectal, and dorsal nerves of the penis or clitoris

26
Q

The pudendal nerve goes out of the ____________ and crosses the ___________ to re-enter the __________.

A

The pudendal nerve goes out of the greater sciatic foramen and crosses the ischial spine to re-enter the lesser sciatic foramen.

27
Q

The pudendal nerve splits in ___________.

A

The pudendal nerve splits in alcott’s canal(pudendal canal).

28
Q

What is a straddle injury in males?

A

In males, something rips through the urethra, which can cause blood to fill the scrotum up to the arcuate line.

SHB Exam 3 (14 decks)

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