pharmacology

Question 1

example of lipid soluble signalling molecules

Answer 1

i.e intracellular receptors

nitric oxide
steroid hormones

Question 2

cell surface receptors

Answer 2

for hydrophilic molecules

• receptor channels
• G protein couples receptors
• receptor enzymes
• integrin receptors

Question 3

cell surface receptor: receptor channels

Answer 3

also called ionotropic

e.g nicotinic ACh receptors in the neuromuscular junction

Question 4

cell surface receptor: G protein coupled receptors

Answer 4

metabotropic receptors

have a middle man- G protein

can affect ion channels and AP’s

the G protein can break off and activate something else- second messenger

Question 5

cell surface receptor: receptor enzymes

Answer 5

have intrinsic enzyme activity- insulin receptors

or

are bound to an enzyme- cytokine rceptors

Question 6

cell surface receptor: integrin receptors

Answer 6

receptors that interact with the cytoskeleton

Question 7

sources of intercellular calcium

Answer 7

• internal sources- IP3- or from endoplasmic reticulum
• external sources- through ligand or voltage gated channels
• inhibition of calcium transport out of the cell

Question 8

what is pharmacology

Answer 8

the study of how living systems are affected by chemicals

Question 9

affinity

Answer 9

the of a chemical attraction between a drug and a receptor

Question 10

low EC₅₀ indicates

Answer 10

HIGH affinity

Question 11

efficacy

Answer 11

how good the drug is at activating the receptor

Question 12

agonist

Answer 12

mimics the normal effects of a receptor

Question 13

antagonist

Answer 13

blocks the normal action of a reseptor

Question 14

affinity and efficacy of a full agonist

Answer 14

max affinity

max efficacy

Question 15

affinity and efficacy of a partial agonist

Answer 15

high affinity

low efficacy

Question 16

affinity and efficacy of a antagonist

Answer 16

max affinity

no efficacy

Question 17

selective agonist/antagonist

Answer 17

only activate/block some types of receptors

e.g beta 2 antagonists

Question 18

adrenalin works on

Answer 18

alpha 1 and 2

beta 1 and 2 receptors

Question 19

what do alpha 1 receptors do

Answer 19

dilates pupils

Question 20

what do alpha 1 receptors do

Answer 20

inhibits gastric secretion

Question 21

what do beta1 receptors do

Answer 21

increases heart rate

Question 22

what do beta 2 receptors do

Answer 22

dilates pupils