proteins

Question 1

proteins in a low pH turn into

Answer 1

cations with a positive charge

NH3 +

Question 2

protiens in a high pH turn into

Answer 2

anions with a negative charge

COO-

Question 3

proteins in a neutral pH turn into

Answer 3

zwitterions both a positive and negative bit

Question 4

aliphatic amino acids R groups

Answer 4

(phucking boring)

hydrocarbon chains

glycine

Question 5

aromatic amino acids R groups

Answer 5

aromatic rings

phenylalanine

Question 6

sulfur containing amino acids R groups

Answer 6

smelly cysteine and methionine

Question 7

basic amino acids R groups

Answer 7

(Lucy ‘ine is basic)

have another NH2

lysine

Question 8

acidic amino acids R groups

Answer 8

(aspartates tastes sour)

another COO-

aspartate

Question 9

polar amino acids R groups

Answer 9

another OH

Snowy serine

Question 10

miscellaneous amino acids R groups

Answer 10

proline

pro at being different

Question 11

5 forces that hold tertiary structure together

Answer 11

van der walls

ionic

hydrogen

disulphide

hydrophobic

Question 12

3 conjugated proteins

Answer 12

(basically they have quaternary structure)

glycoproteins

lipoproteins

metalloprotein - iron in heamoglobin

Question 13

what do lipoproteins do

Answer 13

transport hydrophobic molecules- e.g cholesterol

Question 14

whats a cofactor

Answer 14

a non protein component needed for a reaction

magnesium

Question 15

whats a coenzyme

Answer 15

a heat stable substance that can aid in reactions

FAD from riboflavin

Question 16

whats an isoenzyme

Answer 16

enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but vary in structure and other biochemical properties

Question 17

how do enzymes lower the activation energy

Answer 17

entropy reduction

desolvation- takes it out of solution

induced fit

Question 18

what does Km mean

Answer 18

how specific an enzyme is for the substrate

Question 19

Km values

Answer 19

low= good fit

high= poor fit- takes longer

Question 20

whats Vmax

Answer 20

how fast a reaction goes when enzyme is saturated

Question 21

competitive inhibitor

Answer 21

sits in active site

can be overcome

Question 22

non competitive inhibitor

Answer 22

sits away from active site

permanent

Question 23

Vmax and Km for competitive inhibitor

Answer 23

vmax unchanged

Km increases

Question 24

Vmax and Km for non competitive inhibitor

Answer 24

Vmax decreases

Km unchanged

Question 25

how are enzymes analysed

Answer 25

measurement of an end product using spectrophotometry

and electrophoresis to tell the type