Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

LECOM MS1 Embryology > Pharyngeal Arches (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Pharyngeal Arches (Exam 3) Flashcards

(85 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

When will the pharyngeal apparatus develop

A

4th week of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the pharyngeal apparatus develop

A

cephalic region of the ebryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the pharyngeal apparatus also called

A

branchial arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the different parts of the pharyngeal apparatus

A

pharyngeal arch
pharyngeal pouch
pharyngeal groove
pharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of tissue will line the pharyngeal cleft/groove and pouch

A

pouches lined with endoderm

clefts lined with ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What separates each pharyngeal arch

A

pharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is contained within a typical pharyngeal arch

A

aortic arch segment
cartilaginous piece
nerve
mesenchymal tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What will the mesenchymal tissue in the pharyngeal arches become

A

musculature of the arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two prominences formed by the first pharyngeal arch

A

mandibular and maxillary prominences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is the oropharyngeal membrane seen

A

between the two parts of the first arch; membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What occurs to the oropharyngeal membrane and what does it become

A

ruptures and produces and opening form the pharynx to the amniotic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the layers of the oropharyngeal membrane

A

outer ectoderm layer

inner endoderm layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What nerve is associated with the first arch

A

CN V: Trigeminus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What muscles are associated with the first arch

A 
anterior belly digastric
mylohyoid
tensor tympani
tensor veli palatini
muscles of mastication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What nerve is associated with the second arch

A

CN VII: Facial Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What muscles are associated with the second arch

A

posterior belly digastric
stylohyloid
stapedius
muscles of facial expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What nerve is associated with the third arch

A

CN IX: glossopharyngeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What muscles are associated with the third arch

A

stylopharyngeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the branches of trigeminal

A

V1: ophthalmic
V2: maxillary
V3: Mandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What branches of trigeminal are motor

A

V3, mandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What branches of trigeminal are sensory

A

V1 opthalmic

V2 maxillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What nerve is associated with the 4th and 6th arches

A

CN X: vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What muscles are associated with the 4th and 6th arches

A 
pharyngeal constrictors
laryngeal muscles
cricothyroid (4th)
levator veli palatini
skeletal muscle of the esophagus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Muscles with tensor in their name are innervated by what

A

V3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Muscles with palato in their name are innervated by what nerve
CN X
26
Muscles with glossus in their name are innervated by what
CN XII
27
What are the cranial nerves with parasympathetic component
3,7,9,10
28
What are s/s of Treacher collins syndrome
misshapen ears eyes are drooping mandibular hypoplasia facial abnormalities
29
What causes Treacher collins syndrome
first arch fails | neural crest cells fail to migrate properly and affects the cartilage and muscles coming form the 1st arch
30
What is Pierre Robin Sequence cause by
Improper formation of the first arch
31
What are the S/S of Pierre Robin Sequence
glossoptosis micrognathia/retrognathia cleft palate
32
What is glossoptosis
posteriorly placed tongue that can obstruct airway
33
What is micrognathia/retrognathia
posterior placed jaw
34
What is cleft palate
tongue doesn't drop out of the way for the two shelves of the palate to come together
35
What will the 1st pharyngeal pouch become
eustachian tube; tympanic membrane
36
What will the 2nd pharyngeal pouch become
tonsillar fossa: palatine tonsil
37
What will the 3rd pharyngeal pouch become
Dorsal: inferior parathyroid glands Ventral: primordial thyroid
38
What will the 4th pharyngeal pouch become
Dorsal: superior pair of parathyroid glands Ventral: ultamopharyngeal body
39
What is the ultamopharyngeal body
part of the thyroid that will become C cells to produce calcitonin
40
Where do the superior parathyroid gland sit
on the back of the thyroid gland
41
What will the 1st pharyngeal groove/cleft become
external auditory tube
42
What will the sandwhich between the cleft and pouch become
tympanic membrane
43
How many layers compose the tympanic membrane
3
44
What are possible clinical correlations to the 2nd pharyngeal groove/cleft
cervical cysts and fistulas
45
What causes cervical cysts and fistulas to occur
if arch 2 doesn't come all the way down over the 3rd and 4th arches
46
What is a branchial fistula
improper closing of the 2nd pharyngeal groove creates a cyst, fistula is connection to external environment
47
What is an ectopic thyroid
thyroid tissue at the base of the tongue
48
When is an ectopic thyroid often symptomatic
during puberty
49
What are CT findings of an ectopic thyroid
midline, at the tongue base attenuation and enhancement=similar to thyroid tissue absent thyroid tissue in the expected normal location
50
What is a pharyngeal membrane
where pouch and groove meet
51
When do the salivary glands develop
7th week
52
What is the development process for salivary glands
from solid cords growing from the oral cavity | cords grow into the surrounding mesenchyme
53
What composes the stroma of the salivary glands
NCC
54
What composes the parenchyma of the salivary glands
oral epithelium
55
What is the cartilage derivative of the first arch
known as Meckel's cartilage | maleus, incus, mandible, anterior ligament of malleus, sphenomandibular libament
56
What is the cartilage derivative of the second arch
stapes, styloid, stylohyoid lig, lesser horn and superior part of hyoid
57
What is the cartilage derivative of the third arch
greater horn and inferior part of hyoid
58
What is the cartilage derivative of the 4th arch
laryngeal cartilages
59
What will the 5th pharyngeal pouch become
largely regresses and helps to form the ultimopharyngeal body
60
When does the thyroid gland begin to form
day 24
61
The thyroid gland is the first what
endocrine gland to form
62
What is the thyroglossal duct
connection between the tongue and thyroid in embryo
63
The thyrogloassal duct remains open as what
foramen cecum
64
How is the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland formed
from the thyroglossal duct
65
What are branchial vestiges
pharyngeal cartilages that did not normally disappear; remnant of cartilage or bony elements under the skin anterior to the inferior 1/3 of the SCM persist
66
What is DiGeorge anomaly
abnormalities of the heart, parathyroid gland, face, thymus gland. Affected individuals will have congenital heart disease, unusual facial features with low-set ears, a small receding mandible, wide-set eyes and are born without parathyroid glands
67
What is Goldehar Syndrome caused by
abnormal development of the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches
68
When will the medial and tongue buds be seen
5th week
69
What forms the median tongue buds
elevation appears on the floor of the pharynx just rostral to the foramen cecum (endoderm)
70
What forms the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
fused distal tongue buds
71
What does the median tongue bud contribute to the tongue
nothing notable
72
WHat forms the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
growth behind the foramen cecum and hypopharyngeal eminence
73
What marks the division between the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue
terminal sulcus
74
What are most of the tongue muscles derived from
occipital somites
75
What nerve is associated with muscles of the tongue
hypoglossal nerve
76
What is the somatic and visceral sensation for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
somatic CN V | Visceral CN VII
77
What nerve will supply the sensory innervation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
CN IX
78
What role does the vagus have involving the tongue
supplies the palatoglossus and carries taste from the root of the tongue
79
Where will taste buds form
``` dorsal tongue palatoglossal arches palate epiglottis posterior wall of pharynx ```
80
What are congenital cysts in the tongue
remnant of the thyroglossal duct
81
What is ankyloglossia
tongue tie
82
What is tongue tie
abnormally short frenulum that anchors the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity
83
What is Macroglossia
unusually large tongue
84
What is microglossia
unusually small tongue
85
What is bifid tongue (glossoschisis)
tongue split in 2

LECOM MS1 Embryology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions