Pharynx Flashcards
(24 cards)
Which tonsil is located just under the uvula?
Palatine tonsil
Which tonsil is located posterior to the inferior nasal concha and auditory tube?
Pharyngeal tonsil
What are the 2 layers of the posterior pharynx (starting luminally) and what’s in-b/w them?
- Buccopharyngeal fascia –> prevertebral fascia
- Retropharyngeal space
What layer protects the larynx?
Thyroid cartilage
What pierces of the thyrohyoid membrane?
- Internal laryngeal n.
- Superior laryngeal a.
What membrane is inferior to the thyroid cartilage?
Cricothyroid membrane
Superior constrictor m: OIIA?
Origin: Lower two thirds of medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphe and posterior end of mylohyoid line on mandible
Insertion: Upper midline pharyngeal raphe and pharyngeal tubercle of clivus of occiput
Innervation: CN X
Action: Aids in swallowing
Middle constrictor m: OIIA?
Origin: Lower third of stylohyoid ligament, lesser cornu and superior border of greater cornu of hyoid bone
Insertion: Middle portion of pharyngeal raphe
Innervation: CN X
Action: Aids in swallowing
Inferior constrictor m: OIIA?
Origin: Cricopharyngeus: lateral aspect of arch of cricoid cartilage. Thyropharyngeus: oblique line of laminar of thyroid cartilage and fibrous cricothyroid arch
Insertion: Cricopharyngeus: continuous with muscle of opposite side, behind pharynx. Thyropharyngeus : lower pharyngeal raphe
Innervation: CN X
Action: Aids in swallowing. Cricopharyngeus acts as upper esophageal sphincter
Buccinator m: OIIA?
Origin: External alveolar margins of maxilla and mandible by molar teeth, to maxillary tubercle and pterygoid hamulus and posterior mylohyoid line respectively, then via pterygomandibular raphe between bones
Insertion: Decussates at modiolus of mouth and interdigitates with opposite side
Innervation: CN VII
Action: Tenses cheeks in blowing and whistling, aids closure of mouth, aids in mastication
Tensor veli palatini m: OIIA?
Origin: Scaphoid fossa and medial aspect of spine of sphenoid bone
Insertion: Palatine aponeurosis (via pulley of pterygoid hamulus)
Innervation: CN V
Action: Tenses soft palate prior to elevation
Levator veli palatini m: OIIA?
Origin: Apex of inferior surface of petrous temporal bone and medial rim of auditory tube
Insertion: Palatine aponeurosis
Innervation: CN X
Action: Elevates, retracts and lateral deviates soft palate. May open auditory tube on swallowing
Stylopharyngeus m: OIIA?
Origin: Styloid process
Insertion: Posterior lateral border of thyroid cartilage
Innervation: CN IX
Action: Elevates larynx and pharynx to aid in swallowing
Mylohyoid m: OIIA?
Origin: Mylohyoid line on internal aspect of mandible
Insertion: Anterior three quarters-midline raphe. Posterior quarter-superior border of body of hyoid bone
Innervation: CN V–n. to the mylohyoid
Action: Elevates hyoid bone, supports and raises floor of mouth. Aids in mastication and swallowing
Hyoglossus m:OIIA?
Origin: Superior border of greater cornu of hyoid bone
Insertion: Lateral sides of tongue
Innervation: CN XII
Action: Depresses tongue
What does the sigmoid sinus drain into?
IJV
The internal laryngeal n innervates the _____________ and the external laryngeal n innervates the ______________.
- Voice box
- Cricothyroid m.
Cricothyroid m: OIIA?
Origin: cricoid cartilage
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Innervation: External branch of the superior laryngeal branch of CN X
Action: Lengthens and tenses vocal cords by tilting thyroid cartilage forwards
The left side of the recurrent laryngeal n. (of CN X) goes around the _____________ and the right side goes around the ____________.
- Aorta
- Right subclavian a.
What mm. does the recurrent laryngeal n. innervate?
All mm. of the larynx except cricothyroid
What m. does CN IX wrap around to make stripe like on a Barber’s Pole?
Stylopharyngeus m.
Which nasal concha(e) is/are separate bones? What bone(s) is/are the other concha(e) a part of?
- Inferior nasal concha is its own bone
- Superior and middle are part of the ethmoid
The dens lies posterior to which part of the pharynx/larynx?
Nasopharynx
Where do all of the constrictor mm. insert?
Median raphe of the pharynx
