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SHB Exam 1 > Larynx > Flashcards

Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 single cartilages of the larynx?

A

Epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid

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2
Q

What are the 3 paired cartilages of the larynx?

A

Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform

bottom to top

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3
Q

What is the unique feature of the cricoid cartilage?

A

Only full ring

  • Thin anterior arch
  • Wide posterior lamina
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4
Q

What covers the paired cartilages?

A

Mucous membranes

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5
Q

What are the spinal landmarks of the pharynx?

A

Base of skull to C3

C3: where epiglottis attaches to tongue

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6
Q

What are the spinal landmarks of the larynx?

A

C3 to C6

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7
Q

Epiglottis is connected by membrane to which paired cartilage?
What else is it attached to?

A
  • Arytenoid cartilages

- Hyoid bone & back of tongue

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8
Q

What is the second most common place for foreign body’s to become stuck? Where is it?

A
  • Vallecula

- Directly anterior to epiglottis (behind tongue)

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9
Q

What’s b/w the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone?

A

Thyrohyoid membrane (extrinsic)

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10
Q

What’s the crevice b/w the lamina of the thyroid cartilage called?

What are at the lateral ends of the thyroid cartilage? Which attaches to cricoid cart?

A
  • Superior thyroid notch
  • Superior horn and inferior horn (on each side)
  • Inferior horn attaches to cricoid cartilage
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11
Q

What are the 2 joints of the cricoid cartilage?

Which is superior?

A
  • Cricothyroid joints

- Cricoarytenoid joints (superior)

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12
Q

What are the 2 processes of the arytenoid cartilages?

A
  • Muscular process (points postero-laterally)

- Vocal process (points anteriorly)

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13
Q

What attaches the cricoid cartilage to the tracheal cartilages?

A

Cricotracheal ligament (extrinsic)

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14
Q

What in the neck does the internal branch of the superior laryngeal n. & a. pierce to reach its target?

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

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15
Q

Where are the false vocal cords?

What’s the name of the cord without the mucous membrane?

A
  • In the (intrinsic) quadrangular membrane.

- Vestibular ligament

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16
Q

Where are the true vocal cords?

What’s the name of the cord without the mucous membrane?

A
  • In the (intrinsic) cricothyroid membrane

- Vocal ligament

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17
Q

What lines the lateral edges of the epiglottis?

A

Aryepiglottic fold

18
Q

What area is just above the vestibular fold?

A

Vestibule

19
Q

What area is just above the vocal fold?

A

Ventricle

20
Q

What area is just below the vocal fold?

A

Infraglottic space

21
Q

What is the space b/w the vocal cords called?

A

Rima glottidis

22
Q

Cricothyroid m: innervation and action?

A
  • External laryngeal n. (of superior laryngeal n. of CN X)

- Tenses vocal ligament (stretches it)

23
Q

Thyro-arytenoid m: innervation and action?

A
  • Recurrent laryngeal n. (of CN X)

- Relaxes vocal ligament

24
Q

Vocalis m: innervation and action?

A
  • Recurrent laryngeal n. (of CN X)

- Relaxes vocal ligament (whisperer, Dr. I doesn’t have it)

25
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoid m: innervation and action?

A
  • Recurrent laryngeal n. (of CN X)

- Abducts vocal cords

26
Q

Lateral cricoarytenoid m: innervation and action?

A
  • Recurrent laryngeal n. (of CN X)

- Adducts vocal cords

27
Q

Transverse and oblique arytenoid mm: innervation and action?

A
  • Recurrent laryngeal n. (of CN X)

- Adducts vocal cords

28
Q

Explain posterior arch development CN innervation.

A 
Pharyngeal arch 1: CN 5,
Pharyngeal arch 2: CN 7,
Pharyngeal arch 3: CN 9, 
Pharyngeal arch 4: CN 10 (cricothyroid m, external laryngeal)
Pharyngeal arch 6: CN 10
29
Q

What nerve supplies above the vocal cord?

A

Internal laryngeal n.

30
Q

What is the most common place for foreign body’s to become stuck?

A
  • Pyriform fossa
31
Q

What artery supplies the upper larynx?

Where does it branch from?

A
  • Superior laryngeal a.

- Superior thyroid a.

32
Q

What artery supplies the lower larynx?

Where does it branch from?

A
  • Inferior laryngeal a.

- Inferior thyroid a.

33
Q

What n. does the superior laryngeal a. penetrate the thyrohyoid membrane with?

A

Internal laryngeal n. (of the superior laryngeal n. of CN X)

34
Q

What n. does the inferior laryngeal a. enter the larynx with?

A

Recurrent laryngeal n. (of CN X)

35
Q

Where would an incision be made for an emergency cricothyrotomy?

A

Cricothyroid membrane (US lecture)

36
Q

Are the arytenoid cartilages ant or post?

What are they touching?

A
  • Post

- Sit on cricoid cart, thyroid cart is lateral to it, epiglottis is attached to it via the aryepiglottic folds

37
Q

What is the stem of the epiglottis connected to?

A

Thyroid cartilage posteriorly (via ligament)

38
Q

What is the vocal ligament a part of?

A

Superior part of cricothyroid membrane

39
Q

What does vocal ligament attach to ant and post?

A

Ant: thyroid cartilage
Post: Arytenoid cartilages

40
Q

What is connecting b/w the aryepiglottic folds, the arytenoid cartilages, and the thyroid cartilage?

A

Quadrangular membrane

41
Q

Where is the vestibular ligament, w/regards to the quadrangular membrane?

A

Inferior border

SHB Exam 1 (19 decks)

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