Flashcards in Anterior Neck Deck (44)
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1
Which cartilages inferior to the hyoid bone are "true rings" and which are "V-shaped"?
- Thyroid cartilage: V-shaped
- Cricoid cartilage: True ring
2
What are the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?
- Anterior: anterior median line
- Posterior: SCM
- Superior: inferior border of mandible
- Apex: jugular notch
- Roof: Sub-Q fascia & platysma
- Floor: pharynx, larynx, thyroid gland (covered by pretrachial fascia)
3
Mylohyoid m: OIIA?
Suprahyoid
Origin: mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion: Medial raphe and body of mandible
Innervation: Nerve to the mylyhyoid of V3 (also innervates ant belly of digastric)
Action: Elevates hyoid bone, base of tongue, floor of mouth; depresses mandible
4
Digastric m: OIIA?
Suprahyoid
Origin: Ant-digastric fossa of mandible; post-mastoid notch of temporal bone
Insertion: Intermediate tendon attached to body of hyoid
Innervation: Ant-nerve to mylohyoid (CN V3); post-Facial n. (CN VII)
Action: Stablizes, raises, anterior movement (ant belly) and posterior movement (post belly) of the hyoid
5
Geniohyoid m: OIIA?
Suprahyoid
Origin: Genial tubercle of mandible
Insertion: Hyoid bone (deep to mylohyoid)
Innervation: Nerve to geniohyoid (C1, runs w/hypoglossal CN XII)
Action: Raises hyoid bone, depresses mandible
6
Stylohyoid m: OIIA?
Suprahyoid
Origin: Styloid process
Insertion: Hyoid bone
Innervation: Facial n. (CN VII)
Action: Elevates hyoid b. and base of tongue
7
Sternohyoid m: OIIA?
Infrahyoid
Origin: Posterior aspect of manubrium (of sternum)
Insertion: Hyoid
Innervation: Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
Action: Depresses larynx and hyoid bone, steadies hyoid bone (during vocalization & depression of mandible)
8
Sternothyroid m: OIIA?
Infrahyoid
Origin: Manubrium (posterior to sternohyoid)
Insertion: Thyroid cartilage (oblique line)
Innervation: Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
Action: Depresses larynx and thyroid cartilage (stabilizes it during vocalization and depression of mandible)
9
Thyrohyoid m: OIIA?
Infrahyoid
Origin: Thyroid cartilage (oblique line)
Insertion: Hyoid bone
Innervation: Nerve to the thyrohyoid (C1, travels w/hypoglossal CN XII)
Action: Depresses larynx and hyoid bone, elevates thyroid cartilage (stabilizes both during vocalization)
10
Omohyoid m: OIIA? (sup and inf bellies)
Infrahyoid
Origin: Superior border of scapula (near scapular notch)
Insertion: Hyoid bone (jcn of body and greater horn)
Innervation: Innervation: Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
Action: Depresses hyoid bone and may stabilize it from below
11
What 2 mm. appear as 1 going from the manubrium to the hyoid b. but actually start and stop at the thyroid cartilage?
Sternothyroid m. --> Thyrohyoid m.
(different innervations)
12
The hyoid bone aids mainly in what 3 actions?
Tongue movement, vocalization, swallowing
13
During swallowing, infrahyoid mm. ___________ while suprahyoid mm. ___________.
Relax (infrahyoids); Contract (suprahyoids)
14
What are the 5 major contents of the submandibular triangle?
Submandibular gland
Submandibular lymph nodes
Mylohyoid n. (V3)
Facial a.
Lingual n. (can't see it)
Hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
15
What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch?
BCS
1. Brachiocephalic Trunk
2. Left Common Carotid a.
3. Left Subclavian a.
16
What does the brachiocephalic trunk branch into?
Right common carotid a. and right subclavian a.
17
The common carotid a. divides into:
Internal and external carotid aa. (enters skull via carotid foramen)
18
Which major a. is responsible for supplying the face and neck, both superficial and deep?
External carotid a.
19
Recall: what 3 things are in the carotid sheath?
Vagus n.
IJV
Common carotid a.
20
Name the branches of the external carotid a:
SALFOP Super-T Max
1. Superior thyroid a.
2. Ascending pharyngeal a.
3. Lingual a.
4. Facial a.
5. Occipital a.
6. Posterior auricular a.
7. Superficial temporal a. (gives off transverse facial a.)
8. Maxillary a.
21
(not sure about this image)
What runs next to the vagus n. to provide a type of innervation about the external carotid a.?
Sympathetic trunk (from cervical ganglia)
22
What m. divides the subclavian a. into 3 sections?
Anterior scalene m.
23
Vertebral a. runs through what part of the vertebrae?
Foramen transversarium
24
Subclavian v. runs behind __________ and in front of the ___________.
Clavicle; anterior scalene
25
Subclavian a. and brachial plexus run b/w _______ & ________.
Anterior scalene and middle scalene.
26
Important structures near the superior thoracic apertures include: (Don't memorize)
1. Thoracic duct
2. Vagus n.
3. Phrenic n.
4. Sympathetic chain
5. Recurrent laryngeal n.
6. Subclavian aa. and vv. (and their branches)
7. Common carotid aa.
8. Apices of lt and rt lungs (and their pleura)
27
What 5 branches does the vagus n. give off in the neck? (Which 2 are most important?)
1. Pharyngeal branch (motor)
2. Superior laryngeal n.
3. N. to the carotid body (sensory)
4. Cardiac nerves (parasympathetic)
5. Recurrent laryngeal n.
(2 & 5 most important)
28
What are the 2 branches of the superior laryngeal n (branch of vagus n)?
1. Internal laryngeal n.--*pierces thyrohyid membrane; sensory to larnyx above true vocal folds
2. External laryngeal n.--supplies cricothyroid m. (motor)
29
What are the 2 branches of the recurrent laryngeal n (branch of vagus n)?
1. Right recurrent laryngeal n.--loops around the subclavian a. (ant --> post), runs in tracho-esophageal groove, provides motor to all vocalization mm. except cricothyroid (external laryngeal n. does that)
2. Left recurrent laryngeal n.--wraps around aortic arch
30
