Phlebotomy 13

Question 1

urine specimen collected at any time; used for UA and screening

Answer 1

random urine

Question 2

specimen collected immediately upon waking in the morning after approximately 8 hours of sleep

Answer 2

first-morning/8-hr urine

Question 3

collected 2 hours after meal and tested for glucose

Answer 3

two-hour postprandial specimen (PP)

Question 4

pooled urine collected over 24-hour period to allow quantity analysis of urine analyte

Answer 4

24-hour urine

Question 5

kidney function test

Answer 5

creatinine clearance

Question 6

product of serotonin breakdown that is measured/monitored for a type of tumor producing serotonin

Answer 6

5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)

Question 7

empty bladder, then wait 30 min before collecting specimen

Answer 7

double-voided specimen

Question 8

urine collection generally free of genital secretions, pubic hair, and bacteria that surrounds urinary opening

Answer 8

midstream

Question 9

collected in sterile container; yields specimen suitable for microbial analysis; involves cleaning

Answer 9

clean-catch

Question 10

collected from sterile catheter inserted through the urethra to bladder

Answer 10

catheterized (cath) urine

Question 11

collection involving needle insertion into urinary bladder and aspirating into a sterile syringe

Answer 11

suprapubic

Question 12

screens for urinary and systemic disorders

Answer 12

urinalysis (UA)

Question 13

clear top portion of the specimen

Answer 13

supernatant

Question 14

bacteria in the urinary tract causing painful urination

Answer 14

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Question 15

smear test containing cells from the lining of the urinary tract or cervix; examined under microscope for abnormal cells; fresh clean-catch required

Answer 15

papanicolaou (pap)

Question 16

glucose in urine; renal threshold

Answer 16

glycosuria

Question 17

breakdown of fat for energy when diet deficient in carbs or doesn’t metabolize glucose properly

Answer 17

ketones

Question 18

dangerous decrease in blood pH due to excess ketones

Answer 18

diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Question 19

hormone produced by cells within developing placenta that appears in urine and serum 8-10 days after conception; morning specimen preferred

Answer 19

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 20

clear to pale-yellow fluid that fills the membrane that cushions a fetus in the uterus

Answer 20

amniotic fluid

Question 21

antigen normally present in the human fetus; also found in amniotic fluid or mother’s serum; used to determine problems with fetal development

Answer 21

alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

Question 22

used to assess fetal lung maturity by measuring phospholipids in amniotic fluid; lungs immature if L/S < 2

Answer 22

lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S ratio)

Question 23

fluid surrounding brain and spinal chord

Answer 23

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 24

spinal tap; method to obtain CSF

Answer 24

lumbar puncture

Question 25

examines stomach contents for abnormal substances and measures gastric acid concentration to evaluate stomach acid production

Answer 25

gastric analysis

Question 26

cultured for diptheria, influenza, meningitis, pertussis, and pneumonia

Answer 26

nasopharyngeal (NP)

Question 27

screen for influenza virus infection with results often available within 15 min

Answer 27

rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs)

Question 28

pale yellow, watery, serum-like fluid found between double-layered membranes enclosing the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities

Answer 28

serous fluid

Question 29

aspirated from pericardial cavity surrounding the heart in a procedure (pericardiocentesis)

Answer 29

pericardial fluid

Question 30

aspirated from pleural space surrounding the lungs by pleurocentesis

Answer 30

pleural fluid

Question 31

aspirated from abdominal cavity by paracentesis

Answer 31

peritoneal fluid

Question 32

mucus or phlegm ejected from trachea, bronchi, and lungs through deep coughing

Answer 32

sputum

Question 33

myobacterium tuberculosis; resists decolonizing by acid once stained

Answer 33

acid-fast bacillus (AFB)

Question 34

cough up and expel sputum

Answer 34

expectorate

Question 35

measured amount of chloride in sweat; cystic fibrosis test

Answer 35

sweat chloride

Question 36

pilocarpine (sweat stimulated drug) is transported into the skin by electrical stimulation from electrodes

Answer 36

iontophoresis

Question 37

clear, pale yellow, moderately viscous fluid that lubricates and decreases friction in movable joints

Answer 37

synovial fluid

Question 38

bacteria secretes substances that damage lining of stomach, causing chronic gastritis

Answer 38

Heliobacter pylori (H. pylori)

Question 39

detects H. pylori through its production of urease, an enzyme that breaks down urea; H. pylori breaks down the urea, expelling CO2 in the breath

Answer 39

C-urea breath test (C-UBT)

Question 40

oral specimen obtained for DNA results

Answer 40

buccal swab

Question 41

detects and amplifies small segments of DNA

Answer 41

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Question 42

looks for parasites and their ova or cysts

Answer 42

ova and parasites (O&P)

Question 43

diagnose food-borne illnesses

Answer 43

culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs)

Question 44

hidden blood in feces

Answer 44

occult blood

Question 45

detects blood in feces by peroxidase activity of the heme portion of Hgb reacting with the guaiac to produce a blue color

Answer 45

guaiac

Question 46

detects globulin portion of Hgb in stool

Answer 46

fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT)

Question 47

throat infection

Answer 47

streptococcal (strep)