Phlebotomy 3

Question 1

microorganism that invades the body, multiplies, and caused injury & disease

Answer 1

microbe

Question 2

causing or capable of causing disease

Answer 2

pathogenic

Question 3

pathogenic microbe

Answer 3

pathogen

Question 4

nonpathogenic microbes on the skin and in the GI tract

Answer 4

normal flora

Question 5

charged with investigation and control of various disease, especially those that are communicable and have epidemic potential

Answer 5

Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)

Question 6

patient infections acquired in hospitals

Answer 6

nosocomial infection

Question 7

infections acquired during healthcare delivery in all healthcare settings

Answer 7

Healthcare-associated infection (HAI)

Question 8

intestinal bacteria that multiplies with antibiotic treatments and the most common cause of diarrhea in healthcare settings

Answer 8

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile, C. diff)

Question 9

responsible for many HAIs from skin, wound, and surgical site infections, to pneumonia and bloodstream infections that can be fatal; also most common antibiotic resistant pathogen

Answer 9

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus (staph) aureus (MRSA)

Question 10

antibiotic resistant bacteria that can cause bloodstream infections, wound, and surgical site infections

Answer 10

vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE)

Question 11

chain must be completed for infection to occur; the process can be stopped at any component; once the infection enters the host, the cycle repeats

Answer 11

chain of infection

Question 12

pathogenic microbe responsible for causing infection

Answer 12

infectious agent

Question 13

infectious agent

Answer 13

causative agent

Question 14

source of infectious agent or place for microbe to survive, grow, and multiply

Answer 14

reservoir

Question 15

ability of microbe to survive or live on an object

Answer 15

viability

Question 16

degree to which the microbe is capable of causing disease and the amount of time passed since contamination

Answer 16

virulence

Question 17

inanimate objects that can harbor material containing infectious agents

Answer 17

fomites

Question 18

transfer of infection by insect, arthropod, or animal

Answer 18

vector transmission

Question 19

transfer of infection through contaminated food, water, or drugs

Answer 19

vehicle transmission

Question 20

someone with decreased ability to resist infection

Answer 20

susceptible host

Question 21

healthy person who has received vaccination or recovered from infection and developed antibodies against it

Answer 21

immune

Question 22

mandates medical evaluation, treatment, counseling, and follow-up for employees exposed to BBPs

Answer 22

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Question 23

protective clothing and other items worn by an individual to protect mucous membranes, airways, skin, and clothing from contact with infectious substances

Answer 23

personal protective equipment (PPE)

Question 24

condition of being free of contamination or germs that could cause disease

Answer 24

asepsis

Question 25

reduces chance of microbial contamination with the goal of protecting patients from infection and preventing the spread of infection

Answer 25

aseptic technique

Question 26

separate patients with certain transmissible infections from contact with other patients and limit contact with hospital personnel and visitors

Answer 26

isolation procedures

Question 27

used for patients who are highly susceptible to infection

Answer 27

protective (reverse) isolation

Question 28

having a low neutrophil count (WBC that engulfs pathogen)

Answer 28

neutropenic

Question 29

used in the care of all patients to prevent HAIs; use gloves with any body fluids

Answer 29

standard precautions

Question 30

used for patients known or suspected to be infected or colonized with highly transmissible or epidemiologically significant pathogens

Answer 30

transmission-based precautions

Question 31

standard precautions and precautions against airborne droplet nuclei

Answer 31

airborne precautions

Question 32

standard and droplets generated when talking, coughing, sneezing, or during section

Answer 32

droplet precautions

Question 33

standard and direct contact with patient or indirect contact with patient items or surfaces

Answer 33

contact precautions

Question 34

the application of safety precautions taken to ensure safe handling of biological substances that present risk

Answer 34

biosafety

Question 35

anything harmful or potentially harmful to health

Answer 35

biohazard

Question 36

other routes of infection besides digestive

Answer 36

parenteral

Question 37

through the skin

Answer 37

percutaneous

Question 38

through mucus membranes: eyes, nose, and mouth

Answer 38

permucosal

Question 39

any infectious microbe present in the blood and any other body fluids and tissues

Answer 39

blood-borne pathogen (BBP)

Question 40

life threatening BBP that targets the liver; the most frequent laboratory acquired infection

Answer 40

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

Question 41

most widespread chronic blood-borne illness in the US

Answer 41

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

Question 42

attacks the body’s immune system and can eventually cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 42

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Question 43

devices that isolate or remove BBP hazards

Answer 43

engineering controls

Question 44

practice that change the way tasks are performed to reduce the likelihood of BBP exposure

Answer 44

work practice controls

Question 45

government agency with the mission to protect people’s health and the environment

Answer 45

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Question 46

all chemicals must be evaluated for health hazards, and all chemicals found to be hazardous must be labeled and communicated to employees

Answer 46

Hazard Communication (HazCom) Standards (HCS)

Question 47

communicates general and precautionary information about the hazard to users

Answer 47

safety data sheets (SDS)