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PT Boards 2024 > Physio (Cell physio) > Flashcards

Physio (Cell physio) Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

ECF consists of

A

“SBC”
sodium,
bicarbonate ions and chloride ions

O2, amino acid, fatty acid

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2
Q

ICF consists of

A

“PMP”
potassium, magnesium, phosphate

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3
Q

Plasma membrane has ___ head and ___ tail

A

polar head
non-polar tail

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4
Q

polar head is

A

hydrophilic

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5
Q

non polar tail is

A

hydrophobic

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6
Q

integral protein fxn

A

passageway for ions
enzyme
linker: holds filament

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7
Q

specialization of plasma membrane

A

tight junction & gap junction

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8
Q

tight junctions are seen in

A

intestines

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9
Q

gap junctions are seen in

A

heart

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10
Q

Nucleus consists of

A

nuclear membrane aka nuclear envelope

nucleoli

chromatin

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11
Q

nucleoli

A

where ribosomes are assembles

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12
Q

Chromosome is made up of two

A

chromatins

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13
Q

Chromatin is made of

A

DNA and protein

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14
Q

Cytoplasms consists of

A

cytosol and organelles

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15
Q

Mitochondria is

A

powerhouse of cell, creates ATP

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16
Q

Ribosomes

A

protein synthesis

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17
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

TRANSPORT of protein

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18
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

PACKAGING of protein

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19
Q

Lysosomes

A

digestive enxymes

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20
Q

Peroxisomes

A

oxidase enzymes

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21
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

internal framework

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22
Q

centrioles

A

mitotic spindles

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23
Q

lysosomes are abundant in

A

wbc

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24
Q

Passive transport

A

No ATP
high to low concentration
downhill

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25
Types of passive transport
Simple Facilitated
26
Simple passive transport
no carrier protein O2, CO2, nitrogen, alcohol
27
Facilitated passive transport
amino acids, glucose, fatty acid
28
Active transport
with energy & carrier protein uphill - low to high concentration
29
Types of active transport
Primary secondary
30
Primary active transpo
Uses ATP
31
Types of secondary active transpo
Symport (Co-transport) & Antiport (Counter transport)
32
Na-K Pump
2 K in 3 Na out Primary active transpo
33
Prophase
(+) Mitotic spindle made by centrioles on opposite sides (-) Nuclear envelope Chromatin coil & become chromosomes Centromere holds chromosome
34
Metaphase
Chromosomes are aligned in middle
35
Anaphase
(-) Centromere Chromosomes go to opposite poles
36
Telophase
(-) Mitotic spindle (+) Nuclear envelope Chromosome uncoils and becomes chromatin
37
Composition of blood
55% plasma 45% formed elements
38
Composition of plasma
91.5% water 8.5% solutes (mostly proteins)
39
plasma proteins
albumin globulin fibrinogen
40
plasma protein function
maintains blood osmotic pressure
41
Formed elements consists of
RBC, wbc, platelets
42
Most abundant plasma protein
albumin
43
RBC aka
erythrocyte
44
RBC life span
120 days
45
N RBC in males vs females
M: 5.4 million Females: 4.8 million
46
1 RBC = ? Hgb
280 million
47
1 Hgb = ? O2
4 O2
48
RBC membrane is made of
glycolipid (antigen)
49
Vitamins important for RBC
Folic acid & Vit B12
50
N amount of WBC
5000-10000
51
Two types of WBC
granulated (stained) aggranulated
52
Types of granulated WBC
Basophils Eosinophils Neutrophils
53
Types of aggranulated WBC
Monocytes & Lymphocytes
54
Types of lymphocytes
T-cells & B-cells
55
Two types of lymphocyte response
Cell-mediated Antibody mediated
56
Types of T-cells
Helper/CD4/Regulatory Cytotoxic/CD8/Killer Suppressor T-cell
57
Cell mediated response
T cells kill virus
58
Antibody mediated response
B-cells activate plasma cells Plasma cells release antibodies aka "Immunoglobulins"
59
Primary immunoglobulin
Ig M
60
Secondary immunoglobulin
Ig G
61
Only Ig to penetrate placenta
Ig G
62
Ig for releasing histamine during allergic reaction
Ig E
63
Ig for microorganisms in eyes & mouth
Ig A
64
Ig that activates B-cells
Ig D
65
Platelet aka
Thrombocytes
66
Lifespan of platelet
5-9 days or 8-12 days
67
Normal amount of platelets
150,000 - 400,000 microliter
68
CF 1
Fibrinogen
69
CF 2
prothrombin
70
CF 3
Thromboplastin
71
CF 4
Calcium ions
72
CF 5
Labile F
73
CF 6
none
74
CF 7
Stable F
75
CF 8
AHA
76
CF 9
AHB
77
CF 10
Stuart
78
CF 11
AHC
79
CF 12
AHD
80
CF 13
Fibrin-stabilizing factor
81
Each muscle fiber contains several hundred to several thousands
myofibrils
82
covering of muscle
epimysium
83
covering of fascicle
perimysium
84
covering of muscle fiber
Endomysium
85
Organization of muscle
muscle - fascicle - fiber - myofibril - myofilament
86
Sucrose =
glucose + fructose
87
Lactose =
glucose + galactose
88
maltose =
glucose + glucose

PT Boards 2024 (14 decks)

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