Physiology - female reproductive physiology

Question 1

what are the main female sex hormones

a.oestrogen and progesterone
b.LH and FSH
c.oestrogen and FSH
d.progesterone and LH

Answer 1

a.oestrogen and progesterone

Question 2

oogenesis

Answer 2

formation of female gametes

Question 3

when does maturation of oocytes from their primitive progenitor begin

a.pre birth
b.birth
c.childhood
d.adolescence

Answer 3

a.pre birth

Question 4

what happens in the initial stage of oogenesis

a.oogonia undergo mitosis to multiply numbers of potential oocytes

b.pre birth oogonia start the 1st meiotic division to form primary oocytes

c.at puberty meiosis 1 is done to form a secondary oocyte

Answer 4

a.oogonia undergo mitosis to multiply numbers of potential oocytes

Question 5

when does meiosis 2 begin with the secondary oocyte

a.pre birth

b. puberty

c.fertilisation

Answer 5

b. puberty

it is ovulated along with first polar body

Question 6

a secondary oocyte is

a.haploid
b.diploid

Answer 6

a.haploid

Question 7

a primary oocyte is

a.haploid
b.diploid

Answer 7

b.diploid

Question 8

at which point does meiosis 2 resume and the secondary oocyte splits into the ovum and the second polar body

a.pre birth
b.puberty
c.fertilisation

Answer 8

c.fertilisation

Question 9

day 1-14 of the ovarian cycle is known as which phase

a.follicular
b.luteal

Answer 9

a.follicular

Question 10

at birth where are the primary oocytes stored

a. follicles
b.cells
c.ovaries
d. lobules

Answer 10

a. follicles

Question 11

what type of follicle is made up of the primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of cells (granulosa cells) sitting on CT basement membrane

a.primordial
b.primary
c.secondary

Answer 11

a.primordial

Question 12

which type of follicle is made up of multilayered follicular cells , a zone pellucida surrounding the ovum and and a basement membrane around the structure

a.primordial
b.primary
c.secondary
d.tertiary

Answer 12

b.primary

Question 13

which type of follicle is made up of theca cells making up an internal and external surrounding the structure and the formation of antrum inside the cell (cavitation in the granulosa cells)

a.primordial
b.primary
c.secondary
d.tertiary

Answer 13

c.secondary

Question 14

in which type of follicle is the ovum surrounded by a zone pellucida, a cumulus oophurus (COC) with a large antrum present

a.primordial
b.primary
c.secondary
d.tertiary

Answer 14

d.tertiary

Question 15

at which stage does only 1 follicle develop further becoming the dominant follicle

a.between primordial and primary
c.between primary and secondary
d.between secondary and tertiary

Answer 15

c.between primary and secondary

the remaining follicle (secondary) is known as the griffian follicle

Question 16

when does the follicle become large enough to distort the surface of the ovary and rupture releasing the ovum

a.day 10
b.day 12
c.day 14
d.day 16

Answer 16

c.day 14

Question 17

what does the follicle fill with following rupture

a.blood
b.lymph
c.mucous
d.proteolytic enzymes

Answer 17

a.blood

Question 18

what does the follicle become when it filled with blood

a. corpus luteum
b.corpus haemorrhagicum
c.graffian follicle

Answer 18

b.corpus haemorrhagicum

Question 19

what is ovulatory pain due to irritation from the blood in the follicle following rupture entering the peritoneum known as

Answer 19

mittleschermz

Question 20

what is the follicle known as when the theca cells swell up and become rich in fatty deposits an the blood vessels infiltrate the follicle (attracted by vascular endothelium growth factor)

a.corpus haemorrhagicum
b.corpus luteum

Answer 20

b.corpus luteum

Question 21

when does the corpus luteum breakdown precipitating the breakdown of the uterine wall ( menses)

a.day 14
b.day 10
c.day 24

Answer 21

c.day 24

10 days after ovulation

Question 22

what is secreted from the hypothalamus at the start of the menstrual cycle

a.GnRh
b.CRH
c. TRH

Answer 22

a.GnRh

gonadotropin releasing hormone

Question 23

after travelling down the hypophyseal portal circulation to anterior pituitary what does GnTH cause the release of ?

a. FSH and LH
b.oestrogen and progesterone

Answer 23

a. FSH and LH

Question 24

which hormone encourages cell division and secretion of oestrogen by granulosa cells

a.LH
b.FSH
c.progesterone
d.GnTH

Answer 24

b.FSH

Question 25

which hormone functions to form the luteal body as well as stimulating androgen production which diffuse into granulosa cells to be made into oestrogens a.LH b.FSH c.progesterone d.GnTH

Answer 25

a.LH

Question 26

after day 10 what effect does oestrogen have on LH secretion a.increase b.decrease

Answer 26

a.increase leads to dramatic surge in LH at day 14 stimulating ovulation

Question 27

surge in which hormone at day 14 leads to ovulation a.LH b.FSH c.progesterone d.GnTH

Answer 27

a.LH

Question 28

at day 14 corpus luteum takes over hormone production and produces oestrogen and progesterone which ............... feedback on LH and FSH a.negatively b.positively

Answer 28

a.negatively removes negative feedback on GRH causing it to rise again

Question 29

what is the deep layer of the endometrium of the uterus that is not shed known as a. stratum functionale b.stratum basalis

Answer 29

b.stratum basalis

Question 30

which arteries supply the deep layer of the uterine endometrium that is not shed a.basilar b.spiral

Answer 30

a.basilar

Question 31

what is the more superficial layer of the uterine endometrium that alters during the menstrual cycle a.stratum basalis b.stratum functionale

Answer 31

b.stratum functionale

Question 32

which arteries supply the stratum functionale a.basilar b.spiral

Answer 32

b.spiral

Question 33

what happens to the endometrial wall in the start of the menstrual cycle a.2/3 sloughs off leaving just stratum basale b.thickens and proliferates c.tests tube glans lengthen without corresponding thickening of uterine walls and become tortuous becoming highly vascularised and filling up with secretions rich in glycogen

Answer 33

a.2/3 sloughs off leaving just stratum basale

Question 34

what happens to the endometrial wall day 1-14 under the influence of oestrogens a.2/3 sloughs off leaving just stratum basale b.thickens and proliferates c.tests tube glans lengthen without corresponding thickening of uterine walls and become tortuous becoming highly vascularised and filling up with secretions rich in glycogen

Answer 34

b.thickens and proliferates

Question 35

what happens to the endometrial wall day 14- 28 following ovulation under the control of progesterone a.2/3 sloughs off leaving just stratum basale b.thickens and proliferates c.tests tube glans lengthen without corresponding thickening of uterine walls and become tortuous becoming highly vascularised and filling up with secretions rich in glycogen

Answer 35

c.tests tube glans lengthen without corresponding thickening of uterine walls and become tortuous becoming highly vascularised and filling up with secretions rich in glycogen

Question 36

atresia of the corpus lute following no fertilisation of an ovulated ovum leads to a rapid............ in hormone levels at day 24 a.rise b.fall

Answer 36

b.fall leads to ischameia and infarction of endometrium which sloughs off and is shed during the menstrual flow

Question 37

what hormone promotes deposition of fat around the hips, high vocal range , and mammary duct development a.LH b.FSH c.progesterone d.GnTH e.oestrogen

Answer 37

e.oestrogen

Question 38

what hormone promotes the formation of secretory lobules in the breast a.LH b.FSH c.progesterone d.GnTH e.oestrogen

Answer 38

c.progesterone