Physiology - Metabolism , physical and functional anatomy of the liver Flashcards
(47 cards)
where does the hepatic portal vein to the liver originate from?
a.large intestine
b.small intestine
c.spleen
d.IVC
b.small intestine
a circularatory system involving 2 capillary beds separated by a portal vein is known as..
a.systemic
b.portal
b.portal
what happens to blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein following a meal
a.increase
b.decrease
c.no change
a.increase
what is essential in order to maintain a high blood flow in the liver despite a small difference in pressure between the arteries and veins of the liver
a.high resistance
b.low resistance
b.low resistance
what makes up a portal triad?
a.hepatic vein, portal artery and bile duct
b.hepatic vein, portal artery and bile caniliculi
c.sinusoid, hepatocytes andcentral vein
d.hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct
d.hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct
how many portal triads are there per lobule in the liver?
a.2
b.3
c.6
d.4
c.6
which direction does blood flow in a lobule of the liver?
a.rim(nearest portal triad) to centre
b.from centre (furthest from portal triad) to rim
a.rim(nearest portal triad) to centre
which zone of the liver lobule is closest to the central vein?
a.1
b.2
c.3
a.3
1 is nearest portal triad in centre between two adjacent lobules, then 2 , then 3 at central vein
what is the correct order of zones of a lobule from rim to centre
a.1,2,3
b.3,2,1
a.1,2,3
rim is nearest the portal triads, centre refers to central vein in middle of lobule
which direction does bile flow in a lobule of the liver?
a.rim to centre
b.centre to rim
b.centre to rim
via canaliculi
which cell type are found in lobules?
a.macrophages
b.kupffers cells
c.b lymphocytes
d.phagocytes
b.kupffers cells
which of these is NOT a function of the liver
a.carb, fat, protein metabolism
b.detoxification
c.pathogen destruction
d.bile manufacture
e.bile storage
e.bile storage
energy after a meal is due to glucose being converted to which substance?
a.glycogen
b.glucagon
c.ATP
d. NADP
c.ATP
insulin stimulates which enzyme to convert glucose to glycogen after a meal?
a.glycogen phosphorylase
b.glycogen synthase
c.insulinase
d.glucose kinase
b.glycogen synthase
which of these substances does NOT induce lipolysis in an immediate fasting state?
a.glucagon
b.cortisol
c.catecholamines
d.insulin
d.insulin
lipolysis produces glycerol and fatty acids , the fatty acids are converted to ketones what are is the glycerol converted to
a.amino acids
b.lactate
c.glucose
d.pyruvate
c.glucose
combines with pyruvate, amino acids and lactic acid
which of these substances stimulates both lipolysis and glycogenolysis
a.inuslin
b.catecholamines
c.cortisol
d.pyruvates
b.catecholamines
cholesterol, phospholipids and lipoproteins are mainly formed in which organ
a.liver
b.kidney
c,spleen
a.liver
what are fatty acids converted to prior to forming cholesterol lipoproteins and phospholipids
a.pyruvate
b.AcoA
c.cAMP
d.lipids
b.AcoA
after a meal glucose and amino acids combine to form AcoA , the glucose is also converted to glycerophosphateand combined with which substance formed from the AcoA to make triglcerides
a.FFAs
b.cholesterol
c.lipoprtiens
a.FFAs
how are fatty acids converted to ketones in the fasting state?
a.alpha oxidation
b.reduction
c.beta oxidation
d.gluconeogenesis
e.lipolysus
c.beta oxidation
the liver is the main site of synthesis of circulating proteins except ..
a.albumin, globulin and fibrinogen
b.transport and carrier proteins
c.coagulation factors
d.immuno globulins
d.immuno globulins
amino acids in the intestine and muscles undergo which process in the liver to be converted to other amino acids during protein synthesis
a.transamination
b.condensation
c.deamination
d.polymerisation
e.esterification
a.transamination
during protein degradation amino acids undergo which process (producing energy and glucose) to form ammonia
a.transamination
b.condensation
c.deamination
d.polymerisation
e.esterification
c.deamination
